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In decentralized finance, any individual can pool their assets into an automated market maker (AMM) -- herein we focus on the constant product market maker (CPMM) -- in exchange for a claim on a fraction of future pool assets and fees…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-27 Maxim Bichuch , Zachary Feinstein

We investigate the most common type of blockchain-based decentralized exchange, which are known as constant function market makers (CFMMs). We examine the the market microstructure around CFMMs and present a model for valuing the liquidity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Richard Dewey , Craig Newbold

In this paper, we analyze traders' behavior within both centralized exchanges (CEXs) and decentralized exchanges (DEXs), focusing on the volatility of Bitcoin prices and the trading activity of investors engaged in perpetual future…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-26 Erdong Chen , Mengzhong Ma , Zixin Nie

Payment channel networks are supposed to overcome technical scalability limitations of blockchain infrastructure by employing a special overlay network with fast payment confirmation and only sporadic settlement of netted transactions on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Felix Engelmann , Florian Glaser , Henning Kopp , Frank Kargl , Christof Weinhardt

In this work, we introduce amortizing perpetual options (AmPOs), a fungible variant of continuous-installment options suitable for exchange-based trading. Traditional installment options lapse when holders cease their payments, destroying…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-18 Zachary Feinstein

Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are decentralized applications that allow users to exchange crypto-tokens without the need for a matching exchange order. AMMs are one of the most successful DeFi use cases: indeed, major AMM platforms process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Massimo Bartoletti , James Hsin-yu Chiang , Alberto Lluch-Lafuente

We develop two alternate approaches to arbitrage-free, market-complete, option pricing. The first approach requires no riskless asset. We develop the general framework for this approach and illustrate it with two specific examples. The…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-27 W. Brent Lindquist , Svetlozar T. Rachev

We study auction design in a setting where agents can communicate over a censorship-resistant broadcast channel like the ones we can implement over a public blockchain. We seek to design credible, strategyproof auctions in a model that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Tarun Chitra , Matheus V. X. Ferreira , Kshitij Kulkarni

Blockchain has attracted broad interests to build decentralised applications. Blockchain has attracted broad interests to build decentralised applications. However, developing such applications without introducing vulnerabilities is hard…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Qinghua Lu , An Binh Tran , Ingo Weber , Hugo O'Connor , Paul Rimba , Xiwei Xu , Mark Staples , Liming Zhu , Ross Jeffery

Public blockchains implement a fee mechanism to allocate scarce computational resources across competing transactions. Most existing fee market designs utilize a joint, fungible unit of account (e.g., gas in Ethereum) to price otherwise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Theo Diamandis , Alex Evans , Tarun Chitra , Guillermo Angeris

To non-experts, the traditional Centralized Finance (CeFi) ecosystem may seem obscure, because users are typically not aware of the underlying rules or agreements of financial assets and products. Decentralized Finance (DeFi), however, is…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-06-17 Kaihua Qin , Liyi Zhou , Yaroslav Afonin , Ludovico Lazzaretti , Arthur Gervais

While online interactions and exchanges have grown exponentially over the past decade, most commercial infrastructures still operate through centralized protocols, and their success essentially depends on trust between different economic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Marwan Zeggari , Renaud Lambiotte , Aydin Abadi , Louise Axon , Mohamad Kassab

Atomic swaps are a fundamental primitive for the trustless exchange of digital assets across blockchains: they guarantee that either both parties receive the agreed assets or neither party transfers. While this all-or-nothing guarantee is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Paul Gerhart , Jay Taylor , Sri Aravinda Krishnan Thyagarajan

In the context of decentralized blockchains, accurately simulating the outcome of order flow auctions (OFAs) off-chain is challenging due to adversarial sequencing, encrypted bids, and frequent state changes. Existing approaches, such as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Alex Watts , Davide Sinesi , Jacob Greene

A blockchain replaces central counterparties with time-consuming consensus protocols to record the transfer of ownership. This settlement latency slows cross-exchange trading, exposing arbitrageurs to price risk. Off-chain settlement,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-10-20 Nikolaus Hautsch , Christoph Scheuch , Stefan Voigt

Decentralized finance (DeFi) lacks centralized oversight, often resulting in heightened volatility. In contrast, centralized finance (CeFi) offers a more stable environment with institutional safeguards. Institutional backing can play a…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-23 Ihlas Sovbetov

In this paper, we present Velocity, a decentralized market deployed on Ethereum for trading a custom type of derivative option. To enable the smart contract to work, we also implement a price fetching tool called PriceGeth. We present this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Shayan Eskandari , Jeremy Clark , Vignesh Sundaresan , Moe Adham

This paper introduces Lyquor, a decentralized platform that reimagines blockchain infrastructure through a service-centric model where nodes selectively host smart contracts (called Lyquids) while preserving global composability. We present…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hao Hao , Dahlia Malkhi , Maofan Yin , Lizan Zhou

In open Federated Learning (FL) environments where no central authority exists, ensuring collaboration fairness relies on decentralized reward settlement, yet the prohibitive cost of permissionless blockchains directly clashes with the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Shuang Liang , Yang Hua , Linshan Jiang , Peishen Yan , Tao Song , Bin Yao , Haibing Guan

We study Pareto optimality in a decentralized peer-to-peer risk-sharing market where agents' preferences are represented by robust distortion risk measures that are not necessarily convex. We obtain a characterization of Pareto-optimal…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-08 Mario Ghossoub , Michael B. Zhu , Wing Fung Chong