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Transformers are very powerful tools for a variety of tasks across domains, from text generation to image captioning. However, transformers require substantial amounts of training data, which is often a challenge in biomedical settings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Andrew Kean Gao

Open-vocabulary object detection often fails under distribution shifts, as it can be misled by spurious correlations between non-causal visual attributes (e.g., brightness, texture) and object categories. Existing test-time adaptation (TTA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Kaixiang Zhao , Mao Ye , Lihua Zhou , Hu Wang , Luping Ji , Song Tang , Xiatian Zhu

Transformers have proven highly effective across various applications, especially in handling sequential data such as natural languages and time series. However, transformer models often lack clear interpretability, and the success of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wei Shi , Yuan Cao

Zebrafish embryos are a valuable model for drug discovery due to their optical transparency and genetic similarity to humans. However, current evaluations rely on manual inspection, which is costly and labor-intensive. While machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Sarath Sivaprasad , Hui-Po Wang , Anna-Lisa Jäckel , Jonas Baumann , Carole Baumann , Jennifer Herrmann , Mario Fritz

Temporal convolutions have been the paradigm of choice in action segmentation, which enhances long-term receptive fields by increasing convolution layers. However, high layers cause the loss of local information necessary for frame…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Jiahui Wang , Zhenyou Wang , Shanna Zhuang , Hui Wang

To study how a zygote develops into an embryo with different tissues, large-scale 4D confocal movies of C. elegans embryos have been produced recently by experimental biologists. However, the lack of principled statistical methods for the…

Applications · Statistics 2015-09-17 Jie Hu , Zhongying Zhao , Hari Krishna Yalamanchili , Junwen Wang , Kenny Ye , Xiaodan Fan

Video Frame Interpolation (VFI) aims to predict the intermediate frame $I_n$ (we use n to denote time in videos to avoid notation overload with the timestep $t$ in diffusion models) based on two consecutive neighboring frames $I_0$ and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zonglin Lyu , Chen Chen

The task of video virtual try-on aims to fit the target clothes to a person in the video with spatio-temporal consistency. Despite tremendous progress of image virtual try-on, they lead to inconsistency between frames when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Jianbin Jiang , Tan Wang , He Yan , Junhui Liu

Continuous-time birth-death-shift (BDS) processes are frequently used in stochastic modeling, with many applications in ecology and epidemiology. In particular, such processes can model evolutionary dynamics of transposable elements -…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-02 Jason Xu , Peter Guttorp , Midori Kato-Maeda , Vladimir N. Minin

Background and objective: Brain activity in premature newborns has traditionally been studied using electroencephalography (EEG), leading to substantial advances in our understanding of early neural development. However, since brain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Benoît Brebion , Alban Gallard , Katrin Sippel , Amer Zaylaa , Hubert Preissl , Sahar Moghimi , Fabrice Wallois , Yaël Frégier

Given the prevalence of 3D medical imaging technologies such as MRI and CT that are widely used in diagnosing and treating diverse diseases, 3D segmentation is one of the fundamental tasks of medical image analysis. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Yuhui Zhang , Shih-Cheng Huang , Zhengping Zhou , Matthew P. Lungren , Serena Yeung

Vision-based tactile sensors (VBTSs) provide high-resolution tactile images crucial for robot in-hand manipulation. However, force sensing in VBTSs is underutilized due to the costly and time-intensive process of acquiring paired tactile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhuo Chen , Ni Ou , Xuyang Zhang , Shan Luo

The exploration of high-speed movement by robots or road traffic agents is crucial for autonomous driving and navigation. Trajectory prediction at high speeds requires considering historical features and interactions with surrounding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yao Liu , Ruoyu Wang , Yuanjiang Cao , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao

Biomedical signals provide insights into various conditions affecting the human body. Beyond diagnostic capabilities, these signals offer a deeper understanding of how specific organs respond to an individual's emotions and feelings. For…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-08 Pubudu L. Indrasiri , Bipasha Kashyap , Pubudu N. Pathirana

Maternal-fetal Ultrasound is the primary modality for monitoring fetal development, yet automated segmentation remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality annotations. To address this limitation, we propose a semi-supervised…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Fangyijie Wang , Guénolé Silvestre , Kathleen M. Curran

Stem cells, through their ability to produce daughter stem cells and differentiate into specialized cells, are essential in the growth, maintenance, and repair of biological tissues. Understanding the dynamics of cell populations in the…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-02 Huyen Nguyen , Haim Bar , Zhiyi Chi , Vladimir Pozdnyakov

A transfer learning method for generating features suitable for surgical tools and phase recognition from the ImageNet classification features [1] is proposed here. In addition, methods are developed for generating contextual features and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Manish Sahu , Anirban Mukhopadhyay , Angelika Szengel , Stefan Zachow

Early prediction of pediatric cardiac arrest (CA) is critical for timely intervention in high-risk intensive care settings. We introduce PedCA-FT, a novel transformer-based framework that fuses tabular view of EHR with the derived textual…

Brain development in the first few months of human life is a critical phase characterized by rapid structural growth and functional organization. Accurately predicting developmental outcomes during this time is crucial for identifying…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-31 Patrick Styll , Dowon Kim , Jiook Cha

As neuromorphic sensors, event cameras asynchronously record changes in brightness as streams of sparse events with the advantages of high temporal resolution and high dynamic range. Reconstructing intensity images from events is a highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Weilun Li , Lei Sun , Ruixi Gao , Qi Jiang , Yuqin Ma , Kaiwei Wang , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Luc Van Gool , Danda Pani Paudel