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Understanding directed temporal interactions in multivariate time series is essential for interpreting complex dynamical systems and the predictive models trained on them. We present Causal-INSIGHT, a model-agnostic, post-hoc interpretation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Benjamin Redden , Hui Wang , Shuyan Li

Deep learning models achieve high accuracy in time series classification, yet understanding their class-level decision behaviour remains challenging. Explanations for time series must respect temporal dependencies and identify patterns that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ephrem Tibebe Mekonnen , Luca Longo , Lucas Rizzo , Pierpaolo Dondio

Explainability in time series models is crucial for fostering trust, facilitating debugging, and ensuring interpretability in real-world applications. In this work, we introduce Implet, a novel post-hoc explainer that generates accurate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Fanyu Meng , Ziwen Kan , Shahbaz Rezaei , Zhaodan Kong , Xin Chen , Xin Liu

Time series models are ubiquitous in science, arising in any situation where researchers seek to understand how a system's behaviour changes over time. A key problem in time series modelling is \emph{inference}; determining properties of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Michael Clerx , Martin Robinson , Ben Lambert , Chon Lok Lei , Sanmitra Ghosh , Gary R. Mirams , David J. Gavaghan

Evaluating the contribution of individual data points to a model's prediction is critical for interpreting model predictions and improving model performance. Existing data contribution methods have been applied to various data types,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yizi Zhang , Jingyan Shen , Xiaoxue Xiong , Yongchan Kwon

Long-term action anticipation from egocentric video is critical for applications such as human-computer interaction and assistive technologies, where anticipating user intent enables proactive and context-aware AI assistance. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Qiaohui Chu , Haoyu Zhang , Meng Liu , Yisen Feng , Haoxiang Shi , Liqiang Nie

With the rise in the employment of deep learning methods in safety-critical scenarios, interpretability is more essential than ever before. Although many different directions regarding interpretability have been explored for visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Dominique Mercier , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

We are sometimes forced to use the Interrupted Time Series (ITS) design as an identification strategy for potential policy change, such as when we only have a single treated unit and no comparable controls. For example, with recent county-…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-17 Luke Miratrix

Data-driven methods that detect anomalies in times series data are ubiquitous in practice, but they are in general unable to provide helpful explanations for the predictions they make. In this work we propose a model-agnostic algorithm that…

Time-series forecasting finds broad applications in real-world scenarios. Due to the dynamic nature of time series data, it is important for time-series forecasting models to handle potential distribution shifts over time. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zhiyuan Zhao , Haoxin Liu , B. Aditya Prakash

Traditional saliency map methods, popularized in computer vision, highlight individual points (pixels) of the input that contribute the most to the model's output. However, in time series, they offer limited insights, as semantically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Christodoulos Kechris , Jonathan Dan , David Atienza

Counterfactual explanations provide an intuitive way to understand model decisions by identifying minimal changes required to alter an outcome. However, applying counterfactual methods to time series models remains challenging due to…

Time series data is a collection of chronological observations which is generated by several domains such as medical and financial fields. Over the years, different tasks such as classification, forecasting, and clustering have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Raha Moraffah , Paras Sheth , Mansooreh Karami , Anchit Bhattacharya , Qianru Wang , Anique Tahir , Adrienne Raglin , Huan Liu

Time series data are ubiquitous across diverse real-world applications, making time series analysis critically important. Traditional approaches are largely task-specific, offering limited functionality and poor transferability. In recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jiexia Ye , Yongzi Yu , Weiqi Zhang , Le Wang , Jia Li , Fugee Tsung

Human decision-making, emotions, and collective psychology are complex factors that shape the temporal dynamics observed in financial and economic systems. Many recent time series forecasting models leverage external sources (e.g., news and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Sheo Yon Jhin , Noseong Park

Time series forecasting is a critical task in various domains, where accurate predictions can drive informed decision-making. Traditional forecasting methods often rely on current observations of variables to predict future outcomes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wentao Gao , Xiaojing Du , Wenjun Yu , Xiongren Chen , Yifan Guo , Feiyu Yang

This work presents an introduction to feature-based time-series analysis. The time series as a data type is first described, along with an overview of the interdisciplinary time-series analysis literature. I then summarize the range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Ben D. Fulcher

Accurately modeling user preferences is vital not only for improving recommendation performance but also for enhancing transparency in recommender systems. Conventional user profiling methods, such as averaging item embeddings, often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

We introduce a novel modeling approach for time series imputation and forecasting, tailored to address the challenges often encountered in real-world data, such as irregular samples, missing data, or unaligned measurements from multiple…

Temporal data, notably time series and spatio-temporal data, are prevalent in real-world applications. They capture dynamic system measurements and are produced in vast quantities by both physical and virtual sensors. Analyzing these data…

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