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Diffusion-based large language models (Diffusion LLMs) have shown promise for non-autoregressive text generation with parallel decoding capabilities. However, the practical inference speed of open-sourced Diffusion LLMs often lags behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Chengyue Wu , Hao Zhang , Shuchen Xue , Zhijian Liu , Shizhe Diao , Ligeng Zhu , Ping Luo , Song Han , Enze Xie

Masked diffusion language models enable parallel token generation and offer improved decoding efficiency over autoregressive models. However, their performance degrades significantly when generating multiple tokens simultaneously, due to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Houxing Ren , Mingjie Zhan , Zimu Lu , Ke Wang , Yunqiao Yang , Haotian Hou , Junting Pan , Hongsheng Li

Attribution map visualization has arisen as one of the most effective techniques to understand the underlying inference process of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this task, the goal is to compute an score for each image pixel related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Adria Ruiz , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno

Large Language Models (LLMs) are a powerful tool for statistical text analysis, with derived sequences of next-token probability distributions offering a wealth of information. Extracting this signal typically relies on metrics such as…

Existing Visual Speech Recognition (VSR) systems commonly rely on left-to-right autoregressive decoding, which can force premature decisions on visually ambiguous tokens before sufficient context is available. We propose DLLM-VSR, to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jeong Hun Yeo , Chae Won Kim , Hyeongseop Rha , Yong Man Ro

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained with next-token prediction, implemented in autoregressive Transformers via causal masking for parallelism. This creates a subtle misalignment: residual connections tie activations to the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jonathan Lys , Vincent Gripon , Bastien Pasdeloup , Axel Marmoret , Lukas Mauch , Fabien Cardinaux , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene

Recently, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable effectiveness for multi-modal tasks due to their abilities to generate and understand cross-modal data. However, processing long sequences of visual tokens extracted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Haicheng Wang , Zhemeng Yu , Gabriele Spadaro , Chen Ju , Victor Quétu , Shuai Xiao , Enzo Tartaglione

Hyperscaling of data and parameter count in LLMs is yielding diminishing improvement when weighed against training costs, underlining a growing need for more efficient finetuning and inference without sacrificing performance. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Moulik Choraria , Xinbo Wu , Akhil Bhimaraju , Nitesh Sekhar , Yue Wu , Xu Zhang , Prateek Singhal , Lav R. Varshney

Masked Diffusion Language Models generate sequences via iterative sampling that progressively unmasks tokens. However, they still recompute the attention and feed-forward blocks for every token position at every step -- even when many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Daisuke Oba , Danushka Bollegala , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

Recently, visual token pruning has been studied to handle the vast number of visual tokens in Multimodal Large Language Models. However, we observe that while existing pruning methods perform reliably on simple visual understanding, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jiwan Kim , Kibum Kim , Wonjoong Kim , Byung-Kwan Lee , Chanyoung Park

Face recognition systems are increasingly vulnerable to morphing attacks, where a composite image is crafted to match multiple identities, enabling unauthorized access and identity fraud. Existing detection methods identify morphed images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Nitish Shukla , Arun Ross

Recent Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable performance in solving complex problems via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL). Although existing RL algorithms significantly enhance model accuracy,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zezhong Tan , Hang Gao , Xinhong Ma , Feng Zhang , Ziqiang Dong

Neural network learning is usually time-consuming since backpropagation needs to compute full gradients and backpropagate them across multiple layers. Despite its success of existing works in accelerating propagation through sparseness, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Zhiyuan Zhang , Pengcheng Yang , Xuancheng Ren , Qi Su , Xu Sun

While instruction fine-tuned LLMs are effective text generators, sensitivity to prompt construction makes performance unstable and sub-optimal in practice. Relying on a single "best" prompt cannot capture all differing approaches to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 David Heineman , Yao Dou , Wei Xu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) incur substantial inference cost due to the processing of hundreds of visual tokens per image. Although token pruning has proven effective for accelerating inference, determining when and where to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yahong Wang , Juncheng Wu , Zhangkai Ni , Chengmei Yang , Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Yuyin Zhou , Ying Wen , Lianghua He

We study why continuous diffusion language models (DLMs) have lagged behind discrete diffusion approaches despite their appealing continuous generative dynamics. Under a controlled token--recovery study, we identify token rounding, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Junzhe Shen , Jieru Zhao , Ziwei He , Zhouhan Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by using a draft model to look ahead, but gains are capped by the cost of autoregressive draft generation: increasing draft size elevates acceptance rates but introduces additional latency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Nikhil Bhendawade , Kumari Nishu , Arnav Kundu , Chris Bartels , Minsik Cho , Irina Belousova

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities, but their enormous size poses significant challenges for deployment in real-world applications. To address this issue, researchers have sought to apply network pruning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Chang Gao , Kang Zhao , Runqi Wang , Jianfei Chen , Liping Jing

Mode collapse is a persistent challenge in generative modeling and appears in autoregressive text generation as behaviors ranging from explicit looping to gradual loss of diversity and premature trajectory convergence. We take a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xin Du , Kumiko Tanaka-Ishii