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Accurate population flow prediction is essential for urban planning, transportation management, and public health. Yet existing methods face key limitations: traditional models rely on static spatial assumptions, deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Hongrong Yang , Markus Schlaepfer

Comprehending complex systems by simplifying and highlighting important dynamical patterns requires modeling and mapping higher-order network flows. However, complex systems come in many forms and demand a range of representations,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Daniel Edler , Ludvig Bohlin , Martin Rosvall

This study proposes a flexible and scalable single-level framework for origin-destination matrix (ODM) inference using data from IoT (Internet of Things) and other sources. The framework allows the analyst to integrate information from…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-21 Wei Sun , Akshay Vij , Nicolas Kaliszewski

High-dimensional omics datasets are routinely visualized as heatmaps, where color intensities reveal co-expression patterns and correlations. However, modern omics technologies increasingly generate matrices so large that existing visual…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-21 Osho Rawal , Rex Lu , Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova , Sacha Gnjatic , Zeynep H. Gümüş

Identifying Out-of-distribution (OOD) data is becoming increasingly critical as the real-world applications of deep learning methods expand. Post-hoc methods modify softmax scores fine-tuned on outlier data or leverage intermediate feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Saandeep Aathreya , Shaun Canavan

Estimating Origin-Destination (OD) travel demand is vital for effective urban planning and traffic management. Developing universally applicable OD estimation methodologies is significantly challenged by the pervasive scarcity of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Chao Zhang , Neha Arora , Christopher Bian , Yechen Li , Willa Ng , Andrew Tomkins , Bin Yan , Janny Zhang , Carolina Osorio

Understanding human mobility dynamics among places provides fundamental knowledge regarding their interactive gravity, benefiting a wide range of applications in need of prior knowledge in human spatial interactions. The ongoing COVID-19…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Zhenlong Li , Xiao Huang , Xinyue Ye , Xiaoming Li

Large displacement optical flow is an integral part of many computer vision tasks. Variational optical flow techniques based on a coarse-to-fine scheme interpolate sparse matches and locally optimize an energy model conditioned on colour,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Qiao Chen , Charalambos Poullis

This study develops FusionTransNet, a framework designed for Origin-Destination (OD) flow predictions within smart and multimodal urban transportation systems. Urban transportation complexity arises from the spatiotemporal interactions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Binwu Wang , Yan Leng , Guang Wang , Yang Wang

Transportation networks are unprecedentedly complex with heterogeneous vehicular flow. Conventionally, vehicle classes are considered by vehicle classifications (such as standard passenger cars and trucks). However, vehicle flow…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Wei Ma , Xidong Pi , Sean Qian

Traffic simulations, essential for planning urban transit infrastructure interventions, require vehicle-category-specific origin-destination (OD) data. Existing data sources are imperfect: sparse tollbooth sensors provide accurate vehicle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Oluwaleke Yusuf , Shaira Tabassum

Flow maps are thematic maps that visualize object movements across space with a tree layout, in which the underlying tree structure is similar to a natural river system. In this paper, we present a novel and automated approach named RFDA-FM…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Zhiwei Wei , Su Ding , Yang Wang , Yuanben Zhang , Wenjia Xu

Despite recent advances, estimating optical flow remains a challenging problem in the presence of illumination change, large occlusions or fast movement. In this paper, we propose a novel optical flow estimation framework which can provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Inchul Choi , Arunava Banerjee

In this paper, we present DendroMap, a novel approach to interactively exploring large-scale image datasets for machine learning (ML). ML practitioners often explore image datasets by generating a grid of images or projecting…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Donald Bertucci , Md Montaser Hamid , Yashwanthi Anand , Anita Ruangrotsakun , Delyar Tabatabai , Melissa Perez , Minsuk Kahng

The paper presents an approach to estimate Origin-Destination (OD) flows and their path splits, based on traffic counts on links in the network. The approach called Compressive Origin-Destination Estimation (CODE) is inspired by Compressive…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-07-23 Borhan M. Sanandaji , Pravin P. Varaiya

Origin-Destination (OD) matrices record directional flow data between pairs of OD regions. The intricate spatiotemporal dependency in the matrices makes the OD matrix forecasting (ODMF) problem not only intractable but also non-trivial.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Jin Huang , Bosong Huang , Weihao Yu , Jing Xiao , Ruzhong Xie , Ke Ruan

Accurately estimating Origin-Destination (OD) matrices is a topic of increasing interest for efficient transportation network management and sustainable urban planning. Traditionally, travel surveys have supported this process; however,…

Applications · Statistics 2023-12-14 Greta Galliani , Piercesare Secchi , Francesca Ieva

Network traffic matrix estimation is an ill-posed linear inverse problem: it requires to estimate the unobservable origin destination traffic flows, X, given the observable link traffic flows, Y, and a binary routing matrix, A, which are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Syed Muhammad Atif , Nicolas Gillis , Sameer Qazi , Imran Naseem

In this paper, we aim to monitor the flow of people in large public infrastructures. We propose an unsupervised methodology to cluster people flow patterns into the most typical and meaningful configurations. By processing 3D images from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-12 João Carvalho , Manuel Marques , João P. Costeira

For intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles to operate safely and efficiently, they must reliably predict the future motion and trajectory of surrounding agents within complex traffic environments. At the same time, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mitch Kosieradzki , Seongjin Choi