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The signal of continuous gravitational waves has a longer duration than the observation period. Even if the waveform in the source frame is monochromatic, we will observe the waveform with modulated frequencies due to the motion of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-05 Takahiro S. Yamamoto , Takahiro Tanaka

Gravitational waves from the explosive merger of distant black holes are encoded with details regarding the complex extreme-gravity spacetime present at their source. Famously described by the Kerr spacetime metric for rotating black holes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-29 Zack Carson , Kent Yagi

The detection of the least damped quasi-normal mode from the remnant of the gravitational wave event GW150914 realised the long sought possibility to observationally study the properties of quasi-stationary black hole spacetimes through…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-03 Gregorio Carullo , Walter Del Pozzo , John Veitch

Black hole ringdowns in extensions of General Relativity (GR) generically exhibit two distinct signatures: (1) theory-dependent shifts in the standard black-hole quasinormal modes, and (2) additional modes arising from extra fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-11 Francesco Crescimbeni , Xisco Jimenez-Forteza , Paolo Pani

The detections\citep{KAGRA:2023pio,LIGOScientific:2019lzm} and analysis of gravitational waves(GWs) have introduced us in a new era of our understanding of the cosmos, providing new insights into astrophysical systems involving massive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-07 Osvaldo M. Moreschi

It is possible to infer the mass and spin of the remnant black hole from binary black hole mergers by comparing the ringdown gravitational wave signal to results from studies of perturbed Kerr spacetimes. Typically these studies are based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-13 Matthew Giesler , Maximiliano Isi , Mark Scheel , Saul Teukolsky

In this Reply we include the corrections suggested in the Comment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 169001]. We show that their impact on our results is small, and that the overall conclusion of the Article [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 111102] are robust.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-01 Gregorio Carullo , Roberto Cotesta , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso

Black-hole spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the Kerr nature of astrophysical compact objects and their environment. The observation of multiple ringdown modes in gravitational waveforms could soon lead to high-precision…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-23 Kyriakos Destounis , Francisco Duque

Gravitational waves (GW) emitted by binary systems allow us to perform precision tests of general relativity in the strong field regime. Ringdown signals allow for probing black hole mass and spin with high precision in GW astronomy. With…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Song-Tao Liu , Tian-Yang Sun , Yu-Xin Wang , Yong-Xin Zhang , Shang-Jie Jin , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

The ''ringdown'' stage of gravitational-wave signals from binary black hole mergers, mainly consisting of a superposition of quasinormal modes emitted by the merger remnant, is a key tool to test fundamental physics and to probe black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-06 Francesco Crescimbeni , Gregorio Carullo , Emanuele Berti , Giada Caneva Santoro , Mark Ho-Yeuk Cheung , Paolo Pani

The ringdown phase of a gravitational wave signal from a binary black hole merger offers a unique laboratory for testing general relativity in the strong-field regime and probing the properties of the final remnant black hole. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Hai-Tian Wang , Shao-Peng Tang , Peng-Cheng Li , Yi-Zhong Fan

We introduce an algorithm to marginalize the likelihood for a gravitational wave signal from a quasi-circular binary merger over its extrinsic parameters, accounting for the effects of higher harmonics and spin-induced precession. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-06 Javier Roulet , Jonathan Mushkin , Digvijay Wadekar , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Barak Zackay , Matias Zaldarriaga

Near-degenerate resonance poles arise widely in open-wave systems. For gravitational-wave ringdowns, inference is performed on finite time windows where neighboring quasinormal modes can be spectrally close; the waveform is then dominated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-13 Yuye Wu , Hong-Bo Jin

Accurate sky localization is essential for gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy, particularly for multimessenger follow-up and host galaxy identification. For strongly lensed GW events, achieving localization at the level of $\sim…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Alvin K. Y. Li , Otto A. Hannuksela

We study finite-window black-hole spectroscopy in the loud-event regime and ask when a multimode ringdown fit supports a stable common-remnant Kerr interpretation. Starting from whitened, tapered detector-frame data, we prove a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Ruiliang Li

The problem of reconstructing the sky position of compact binary coalescences detected via gravitational waves is a central one for future observations with the ground-based network of gravitational-wave laser interferometers, such as…

The advent of a new generation of low frequency interferometers has opened a direct window into the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). However, key to a detection of the faint 21-cm signal, and reaching the sensitivity limits of these arrays, is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 Ronniy C. Joseph , Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth

Unlike ground-based gravitational wave detectors, space-based gravitational wave detectors can detect the ringdown signals from massive black hole mergers with large signal-to-noise ratios, help to localize sources and extract their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 Chunyu Zhang , Yungui Gong , Chao Zhang

The ringdown phase of a binary black hole merger is modelled by the quasi-normal modes of a perturbed Kerr black hole. According to the black hole no-hair theorem, the emitted ringdown spectra are constrained by the mass and spin of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-12 Zaryab Ahmed , Shilpa Kastha , Alex B. Nielsen

The sky localization of the gravitational wave (GW) source is an important scientific objective for GW observations. A network of space-based GW detectors dramatically improves the sky localization accuracy compared with an individual…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-06 Chunyu Zhang , Yungui Gong , Chao Zhang