English
Related papers

Related papers: Randomized Advantage Transformation (RAT): Computi…

200 papers

This note reconciles two seemingly distinct approaches to policy gradient optimization for the Pass@K objective in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards: (1) direct REINFORCE-style methods, and (2) advantage-shaping techniques that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Christos Thrampoulidis , Sadegh Mahdavi , Wenlong Deng

Policy gradient algorithms have been widely applied to Markov decision processes and reinforcement learning problems in recent years. Regularization with various entropy functions is often used to encourage exploration and improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Haoya Li , Samarth Gupta , Hsiangfu Yu , Lexing Ying , Inderjit Dhillon

The natural gradient method is widely used in statistical optimization, but its standard formulation assumes a Euclidean parameter space. This paper proposes an inversion-free stochastic natural gradient method for probability distributions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-06 Dario Draca , Takuo Matsubara , Minh-Ngoc Tran

We present a simplified computational rule for the back-propagation formulas for artificial neural networks. In this work, we provide a generic two-step rule for the back-propagation algorithm in matrix notation. Moreover, this rule…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Ahmed Boughammoura

The policy gradient theorem is defined based on an objective with respect to the initial distribution over states. In the discounted case, this results in policies that are optimal for one distribution over initial states, but may not be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Riashat Islam , Raihan Seraj , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Doina Precup

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables sequential decision-making in complex and high-dimensional environments through interaction with the environment. In most real-world applications, however, a high number of interactions are infeasible. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Md Ferdous Alam , Parinaz Naghizadeh , David Hoelzle

Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) is a widely used method for classification and dimensionality reduction. When the number of predictor variables greatly exceeds the number of observations, one of the alternatives for conventional FDA is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-30 Agniva Chowdhury , Jiasen Yang , Petros Drineas

While backpropagation--reverse-mode automatic differentiation--has been extraordinarily successful in deep learning, it requires two passes (forward and backward) through the neural network and the storage of intermediate activations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Daniel Wang , Evan Markou , Dylan Campbell

Markov Decision Processes are classically solved using Value Iteration and Policy Iteration algorithms. Recent interest in Reinforcement Learning has motivated the study of methods inspired by optimization, such as gradient ascent. Among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Sajad Khodadadian , Prakirt Raj Jhunjhunwala , Sushil Mahavir Varma , Siva Theja Maguluri

Using backpropagation to compute gradients of objective functions for optimization has remained a mainstay of machine learning. Backpropagation, or reverse-mode differentiation, is a special case within the general family of automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Atılım Güneş Baydin , Barak A. Pearlmutter , Don Syme , Frank Wood , Philip Torr

The Kaczmarz algorithm is a well known iterative method for solving overdetermined linear systems. Its randomized version yields provably exponential convergence in expectation. In this paper, we propose two new methods to speed up the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Tengfei Ma

Normalizing flows are deep generative models that allow efficient likelihood calculation and sampling. The core requirement for this advantage is that they are constructed using functions that can be efficiently inverted and for which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 You Lu , Bert Huang

Kalman filtering is a cornerstone of estimation theory, yet learning the optimal filter under unknown and potentially singular noise covariances remains a fundamental challenge. In this paper, we revisit this problem through the lens of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Larsen Bier , Shahriar Talebi

Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) enhances the understanding of the effects of the randomness in the environment by letting agents learn the distribution of a random return, rather than its expected value as in standard RL. At the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Zifan Wang , Yulong Gao , Siyi Wang , Michael M. Zavlanos , Alessandro Abate , Karl H. Johansson

Traditional backpropagation of error, though a highly successful algorithm for learning in artificial neural network models, includes features which are biologically implausible for learning in real neural circuits. An alternative called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Nasir Ahmad , Marcel A. J. van Gerven , Luca Ambrogioni

Machine learning techniques have recently gained prominence in physics, yielding a host of new results and insights. One key concept is that of backpropagation, which computes the exact gradient of any output of a program with respect to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-04-06 Jonas B. Rigo , Andrew K. Mitchell

We propose a Regularization framework based on Adversarial Transformations (RAT) for semi-supervised learning. RAT is designed to enhance robustness of the output distribution of class prediction for a given data against input perturbation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Teppei Suzuki , Ikuro Sato

Evaluating deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents against targeted behavior attacks is critical for assessing their robustness. These attacks aim to manipulate the victim into specific behaviors that align with the attacker's objectives,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Fengshuo Bai , Runze Liu , Yali Du , Ying Wen , Yaodong Yang

Natural Gradient Descent, a second-degree optimization method motivated by the information geometry, makes use of the Fisher Information Matrix instead of the Hessian which is typically used. However, in many cases, the Fisher Information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Rajesh Shrestha

A recursive tree planner (RTP) is designed to function as a pure planner without policies at one extreme and run a pure greedy policy at the other. In between, the RTP exploits policies to improve planning performance and improve zero-shot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-24 A. Norman Redlich