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Continual learning (CL) aims to equip models with the ability to learn from a stream of tasks without forgetting previous knowledge. With the progress of vision-language models like Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Lingfeng He , De Cheng , Di Xu , Huaijie Wang , Nannan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated high performance on tasks expressed in natural language, particularly in zero- or few-shot settings. These are typically framed as supervised (e.g., classification) or unsupervised (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Yarik Menchaca Resendiz , Roman Klinger

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in solving complex problems through reinforcement learning (RL), particularly by generating long reasoning traces. However, these extended outputs often exhibit substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Wei Liu , Ruochen Zhou , Yiyun Deng , Yuzhen Huang , Junteng Liu , Yuntian Deng , Yizhe Zhang , Junxian He

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically involves updating at least a few billions of parameters. A more parameter-efficient approach is Prompt Tuning (PT), which updates only a few learnable tokens, and differently, In-Context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Tsachi Blau , Moshe Kimhi , Yonatan Belinkov , Alexander Bronstein , Chaim Baskin

This paper presents a language-powered paradigm for ordinal regression. Existing methods usually treat each rank as a category and employ a set of weights to learn these concepts. These methods are easy to overfit and usually attain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Wanhua Li , Xiaoke Huang , Zheng Zhu , Yansong Tang , Xiu Li , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

The increase of web-scale weakly labelled image-text pairs have greatly facilitated the development of large-scale vision-language models (e.g., CLIP), which have shown impressive generalization performance over a series of downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Lianyu Hu , Tongkai Shi , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Wei Feng

Vision-language pre-training like CLIP has shown promising performance on various downstream tasks such as zero-shot image classification and image-text retrieval. Most of the existing CLIP-alike works usually adopt relatively large image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Ying Nie , Wei He , Kai Han , Yehui Tang , Tianyu Guo , Fanyi Du , Yunhe Wang

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, multimodal models, e.g., integrating vision and language into visual-language models (VLMs), have become pivotal for many applications, ranging from image captioning to multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Duy Phuong Nguyen , J. Pablo Munoz , Ali Jannesari

Parameter-efficient (PE) methods (like Prompts or Adapters) for adapting pre-trained language models (PLM) to downstream tasks have been popular recently. However, hindrances still prevent these methods from reaching their full potential.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Shih-Cheng Huang , Shih-Heng Wang , Min-Han Shih , Saurav Sahay , Hung-yi Lee

Capitalizing on large pre-trained models for various downstream tasks of interest have recently emerged with promising performance. Due to the ever-growing model size, the standard full fine-tuning based task adaptation strategy becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Junting Pan , Ziyi Lin , Xiatian Zhu , Jing Shao , Hongsheng Li

Pre-trained Vision-language (VL) models, such as CLIP, have shown significant generalization ability to downstream tasks, even with minimal fine-tuning. While prompt learning has emerged as an effective strategy to adapt pre-trained VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Niloufar Alipour Talemi , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

In unsupervised adaptation for vision-language models such as CLIP, pseudo-labels derived from zero-shot predictions often exhibit significant noise, particularly under domain shifts or in visually complex scenarios. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Eman Ali , Chetan Arora , Muhammad Haris Khan

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled way to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models, yet its effectiveness hinges on training signals that remain informative as models evolve. In practice, RL progress often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Caijun Xu , Changyi Xiao , Zhongyuan Peng , Xinrun Wang , Yixin Cao

The increasing emphasis on privacy and data security has driven the adoption of federated learning, a decentralized approach to train machine learning models without sharing raw data. Prompt learning, which fine-tunes prompt embeddings of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Dongping Liao , Xitong Gao , Yabo Xu , Chengzhong Xu

Reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffers from inefficient long chain-of-thought traces with redundant self-exploration and validation, which inflate computational costs and even degrade performance. Inspired by human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Qianyue Wang , Jinwu Hu , Huanxiang Lin , Bolin Chen , Zhiquan Wen , Yaofo Chen , Yu Rong , Mingkui Tan

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated impressive generalization in prompt-based segmentation. Yet, the potential of semantic text prompts remains underexplored compared to traditional spatial prompts like points and boxes. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Shayan Jalilian , Abdul Bais

In the arena of language model fine-tuning, the traditional approaches, such as Domain-Adaptive Pretraining (DAPT) and Task-Adaptive Pretraining (TAPT), although effective, but computational intensive. This research introduces a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Keyu Chen , Yuan Pang , Zi Yang

Although reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced reasoning capabilities in large multimodal language models (MLLMs), its efficacy remains limited for lightweight models essential for edge deployments. To address this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jingze Wu , Quan Zhang , Hongfei Suo , Zeqiang Cai , Hongbo Chen

Few-shot Test-Time Domain Adaptation focuses on adapting a model at test time to a specific domain using only a few unlabeled examples, addressing domain shift. Prior methods leverage CLIP's strong out-of-distribution (OOD) abilities by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhixiang Chi , Li Gu , Huan Liu , Ziqiang Wang , Yanan Wu , Yang Wang , Konstantinos N Plataniotis