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AI-based systems, including Large Language Models (LLM), impact millions by supporting diverse tasks but face issues like misinformation, bias, and misuse. AI ethics is crucial as new technologies and concerns emerge, but objective,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-19 José Antonio Siqueira de Cerqueira , Mamia Agbese , Rebekah Rousi , Nannan Xi , Juho Hamari , Pekka Abrahamsson

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to use external tools unlocks powerful real-world interactions, making rigorous evaluation essential. However, current benchmarks primarily report final accuracy, revealing what models can do but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Qihao Wang , Yue Hu , Mingzhe Lu , Jiayue Wu , Yanbing Liu , Yuanmin Tang

The rapid adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred interest in automated peer review; however, progress is currently stifled by benchmarks that treat reviewing primarily as a rating prediction task. We argue that the utility of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Bowen Li , Haochen Ma , Yuxin Wang , Jie Yang , Yining Zheng , Xinchi Chen , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) has expanded their capabilities from basic dialogue to advanced scientific reasoning. However, existing benchmarks in biology often fail to assess a critical skill required of researchers:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Junting Zhou , Jin Chen , Linfeng Hao , Denghui Cao , Zheyu Wang , Qiguang Chen , Chaoyou Fu , Jiaze Chen , Yuchen Wu , Ge Zhang , Mingxuan Wang , Wenhao Huang , Tong Yang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as tool-augmented agents capable of executing system-level operations. While existing benchmarks primarily assess textual alignment or task success, less attention has been paid to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shasha Yu , Fiona Carroll , Barry L. Bentley

This study addresses the critical need for enhanced situational awareness in autonomous driving (AD) by leveraging the contextual reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional perception systems that rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xuewen Luo , Fan Ding , Fengze Yang , Yang Zhou , Junnyong Loo , Hwa Hui Tew , Chenxi Liu

As large language models (LLMs) become high-privilege agents in risk-sensitive settings, they introduce systemic threats beyond hallucination, where minor compliance errors can cause critical data leaks. However, existing benchmarks focus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jinru Ding , Chao Ding , Yidong Jiang , Wenrao Pang , Boyi Xiao , Zhiqiang Liu , Jiayuan Chen , Yun Zhong , Tiantian Yuan , Junming Guan , Dawei Cheng , Jie Xu

LLM agents are rapidly evolving from coding assistants into autonomous software engineering systems. However, existing evaluation methodologies remain largely centered on static, isolated, and short-horizon benchmarks that fail to capture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yipeng Ouyang , Xin Huang , Bingjie Liu , Zhongchun Zheng , Yuhao Gu , Xianwei Zhang

Moral cognition is a crucial yet underexplored aspect of decision-making in AI models. Regardless of the application domain, it should be a consideration that allows for ethically aligned decision-making. This paper presents a multifaceted…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Aisha Aijaz , Raghava Mutharaju , Manohar Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced code auto-completion systems, with a potential for substantial productivity enhancements for developers. However, current benchmarks mainly focus on single-file tasks, leaving an assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tianyang Liu , Canwen Xu , Julian McAuley

The rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in research presents both opportunities and ethical challenges that should be carefully navigated. Although GenAI tools can enhance research efficiency through automation of…

As the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing many fields and industries, there are concerns about AI systems making decisions and recommendations without adequately considering various ethical aspects, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Conrad Sanderson , Qinghua Lu , David Douglas , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Jon Whittle

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the form of large language models (LLMs) or chatbots, has become increasingly integrated into our daily lives. In the past five years, several LLMs have been introduced, including ChatGPT by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mouhacine Benosman

In recent years, the remarkable progress of large language models (LLMs) has sparked interest in task automation, which involves decomposing complex tasks described by user instructions into sub-tasks and invoking external tools to execute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yongliang Shen , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Wenqi Zhang , Kan Ren , Siyu Yuan , Weiming Lu , Dongsheng Li , Yueting Zhuang

Recommender-systems research has accelerated model and evaluation advances, yet largely neglects automating the research process itself. We argue for a shift from narrow AutoRecSys tools -- focused on algorithm selection and hyper-parameter…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Joeran Beel , Bela Gipp , Tobias Vente , Moritz Baumgart , Philipp Meister

The growing integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into critical societal domains has raised concerns about embedded biases that can perpetuate stereotypes and undermine fairness. Such biases may stem from historical inequalities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Riccardo Cantini , Alessio Orsino , Massimo Ruggiero , Domenico Talia

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) facilitate a new class of embodied AI systems, where these models are integrated into physical platforms, e.g. robots and autonomous vehicles, to interpret visual scenes and execute natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Doguhuan Yeke , Yanming Zhou , Leo Y. Lin , Hongyu Cai , Antonio Bianchi , Z. Berkay Celik

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) exhibit strong performance, yet often produce rationales that sound plausible but fail to reflect their true decision process, undermining reliability and trust. We introduce a formal framework for reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yunseok Han , Yejoon Lee , Jaeyoung Do

Formal models are essential to specifying large, complex computer systems and verifying their correctness, but are notoriously expensive to write and maintain. Recent advances in generative AI show promise in generating certain forms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Qian Cheng , Ruize Tang , Emilie Ma , Finn Hackett , Peiyang He , Yiming Su , Ivan Beschastnikh , Yu Huang , Xiaoxing Ma , Tianyin Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence by enabling complex reasoning capabilities. While recent advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) have primarily focused on domain-specific reasoning tasks (e.g.,…

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