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We introduce the Sinkhorn treatment effect, an entropic optimal transport measure of divergence between counterfactual distributions. Unlike classical quantities such as the average treatment effect, this measure captures differences across…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Medha Agarwal , Alex Luedtke

The diffeomorphic registration framework enables to define an optimal matching function between two probability measures with respect to a data-fidelity loss function. The non convexity of the optimization problem renders the choice of this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Lucas de Lara , Alberto González-Sanz , Jean-Michel Loubes

This article introduces a new class of fast algorithms to approximate variational problems involving unbalanced optimal transport. While classical optimal transport considers only normalized probability distributions, it is important for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Lenaic Chizat , Gabriel Peyré , Bernhard Schmitzer , François-Xavier Vialard

The current best practice for computing optimal transport (OT) is via entropy regularization and Sinkhorn iterations. This algorithm runs in quadratic time as it requires the full pairwise cost matrix, which is prohibitively expensive for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Johannes Gasteiger , Marten Lienen , Stephan Günnemann

Comparing probability distributions is a fundamental problem in data sciences. Simple norms and divergences such as the total variation and the relative entropy only compare densities in a point-wise manner and fail to capture the geometric…

Optimal transport is a machine learning problem with applications including distribution comparison, feature selection, and generative adversarial networks. In this paper, we propose feature-robust optimal transport (FROT) for…

Numerically solving multi-marginal optimal transport (MMOT) problems is computationally prohibitive, even for moderate-scale instances involving $l\ge4$ marginals with support sizes of $N\ge1000$. The cost in MMOT is represented as a tensor…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Chunhui Chen , Jing Chen , Baojia Luo , Shi Jin , Hao Wu

We present a new multiscale algorithm for solving regularized Optimal Transport problems on the GPU, with a linear memory footprint. Relying on Sinkhorn divergences which are convex, smooth and positive definite loss functions, this method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Jean Feydy , Pierre Roussillon , Alain Trouvé , Pietro Gori

Spherical regression, in which both covariates and responses lie on the sphere, arises in many scientific applications and has attracted considerable methodological attention in recent years. Despite this progress, constructing flexible and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Tin Lok James Ng , Kwok-Kun Kwong , Jiakun Liu , Andrew Zammit-Mangion

This work studies how the introduction of the entropic regularization term in unbalanced Optimal Transport (OT) models may alter their homogeneity with respect to the input measures. We observe that in common settings (including balanced OT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-07 Théo Lacombe

Efficient computation of the optimal transport distance between two distributions serves as an algorithm subroutine that empowers various applications. This paper develops a scalable first-order optimization-based method that computes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Gen Li , Yanxi Chen , Yu Huang , Yuejie Chi , H. Vincent Poor , Yuxin Chen

We present several algorithms designed to learn a pattern of correspondence between two data sets in situations where it is desirable to match elements that exhibit a relationship belonging to a known parametric model. In the motivating…

The Wasserstein metric is broadly used in optimal transport for comparing two probabilistic distributions, with successful applications in various fields such as machine learning, signal processing, seismic inversion, etc. Nevertheless, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Qichen Liao , Jing Chen , Zihao Wang , Bo Bai , Shi Jin , Hao Wu

We show that the discrete Sinkhorn algorithm - as applied in the setting of Optimal Transport on a compact manifold - converges to the solution of a fully non-linear parabolic PDE of Monge-Ampere type, in a large-scale limit. The latter…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-06-29 Robert J. Berman

Learning to align multiple datasets is an important problem with many applications, and it is especially useful when we need to integrate multiple experiments or correct for confounding. Optimal transport (OT) is a principled approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Ruishan Liu , Akshay Balsubramani , James Zou

Sliced optimal transport reduces optimal transport on multi-dimensional domains to transport on the line. More precisely, sliced optimal transport is the concatenation of the well-known Radon transform and the cumulative density transform,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Michael Quellmalz , Robert Beinert , Gabriele Steidl

Many contemporary statistical learning methods assume a Euclidean feature space. This paper presents a method for defining similarity based on hyperspherical geometry and shows that it often improves the performance of support vector…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-07 Chenchao Zhao , Jun S. Song

Optimal Transport (OT) problems are a cornerstone of many applications, but solving them is computationally expensive. To address this problem, we propose UNOT (Universal Neural Optimal Transport), a novel framework capable of accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jonathan Geuter , Gregor Kornhardt , Ingimar Tomasson , Vaios Laschos

The time-fractional optimal transport (OT) and mean-field planning (MFP) models are developed to describe the anomalous transport of the agents in a heterogeneous environment such that their densities are transported from the initial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Yiqun Li , Hong Wang , Wuchen Li

Manifold learning is a central task in modern statistics and data science. Many datasets (cells, documents, images, molecules) can be represented as point clouds embedded in a high dimensional ambient space, however the degrees of freedom…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-18 Stephen Zhang , Gilles Mordant , Tetsuya Matsumoto , Geoffrey Schiebinger