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A method for computing probabilistic propositions is presented. It assumes the availability of a single external routine for computing the probability of one instantiated variable, given a conjunction of other instantiated variables. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Gregory F. Cooper

In this note we define a process algebra TCP (Truly Concurrent Processes) which corresponds closely with the automata model of concurrency based on Span(RGraph), the category of spans of reflexive graphs. In TCP, each process has a fixed…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2009-04-28 P. Katis , N. Sabadini , R. F. C. Walters

To make a joint decision, agents (or voters) are often required to provide their preferences as linear orders. To determine a winner, the given linear orders can be aggregated according to a voting protocol. However, in realistic settings,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-05-03 Nadja Betzler , Britta Dorn

Understanding the behavior of learned classifiers is an important task, and various black-box explanations, logical reasoning approaches, and model-specific methods have been proposed. In this paper, we introduce probabilistic sufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Eric Wang , Pasha Khosravi , Guy Van den Broeck

Linear programming (LP) is an extremely useful tool and has been successfully applied to solve various problems in a wide range of areas, including operations research, engineering, economics, or even more abstract mathematical areas such…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Agniva Chowdhury , Palma London , Haim Avron , Petros Drineas

This manuscript proposes a probabilistic framework for algorithms that iteratively solve unconstrained linear problems $Bx = b$ with positive definite $B$ for $x$. The goal is to replace the point estimates returned by existing methods with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-16 Philipp Hennig

Probabilistic conceptual network is a knowledge representation scheme designed for reasoning about concepts and categorical abstractions in utility-based categorization. The scheme combines the formalisms of abstraction and inheritance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Kim-Leng Poh , Michael R. Fehling

Deep neural networks achieve impressive results across diverse applications, yet their overconfidence on unseen inputs necessitates reliable epistemic uncertainty modelling. Existing methods for uncertainty modelling face a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yao Ni , Jeremie Houssineau , Yew Soon Ong , Piotr Koniusz

Automated reasoning about uncertain knowledge has many applications. One difficulty when developing such systems is the lack of a completely satisfactory integration of logic and probability. We address this problem directly. Expressive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-09-13 Marcus Hutter , John W. Lloyd , Kee Siong Ng , William T. B. Uther

Probabilistic programming languages rely fundamentally on some notion of sampling, and this is doubly true for probabilistic programming languages which perform Bayesian inference using Monte Carlo techniques. Verifying samplers - proving…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Fredrik Dahlqvist , Alexandra Silva , William Smith

We consider two classes of computations which admit taking linear combinations of execution runs: probabilistic sampling and generalized animation. We argue that the task of program learning should be more tractable for these architectures…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-17 Michael Bukatin , Steve Matthews

In the case of multi-threading as found in contemporary programming languages, parallel processes are interleaved according to what is known as a process-scheduling policy in the field of operating systems. In a previous paper, we extend…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-22 C. A. Middelburg

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a logic-based knowledge representation framework, supporting---among other reasoning modes---the central task of query answering. In the propositional case, query answering amounts to computing cautious…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Mario Alviano , Carmine Dodaro , Matti Järvisalo , Marco Maratea , Alessandro Previti

Algebraic effects and handlers support composable and structured control-flow abstraction. However, existing designs of algebraic effects often require effects to be executed sequentially. This paper studies parallel algebraic effect…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Ningning Xie , Daniel D. Johnson , Dougal Maclaurin , Adam Paszke

A plausible definition of "reasoning" could be "algebraically manipulating previously acquired knowledge in order to answer a new question". This definition covers first-order logical inference or probabilistic inference. It also includes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-14 Leon Bottou

Possibilistic logic offers a qualitative framework for representing pieces of information associated with levels of uncertainty of priority. The fusion of multiple sources information is discussed in this setting. Different classes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Salem Benferhat , Didier Dubois , Souhila Kaci , Henri Prade

We present an algorithm for building probabilistic rule lists that is two orders of magnitude faster than previous work. Rule list algorithms are competitors for decision tree algorithms. They are associative classifiers, in that they are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Hongyu Yang , Cynthia Rudin , Margo Seltzer

The Possible-Winner problem asks, given an election where the voters' preferences over the set of candidates is partially specified, whether a distinguished candidate can become a winner. In this work, we consider the computational…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Batya Kenig

Analyzing decision problems under uncertainty commonly relies on idealizing assumptions about the describability of the world, with the most prominent examples being the closed world and the small world assumption. Most assumptions are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Christoph Jansen , Georg Schollmeyer , Thomas Augustin , Julian Rodemann

We describe a representation and a set of inference methods that combine logic programming techniques with probabilistic network representations for uncertainty (influence diagrams). The techniques emphasize the dynamic construction and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 John S. Breese , Edison Tse