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We introduce Plan*RAG, a novel framework that enables structured multi-hop reasoning in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) through test-time reasoning plan generation. While existing approaches such as ReAct maintain reasoning chains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Prakhar Verma , Sukruta Prakash Midigeshi , Gaurav Sinha , Arno Solin , Nagarajan Natarajan , Amit Sharma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for complex multi-hop question answering (QA). For multi-hop QA tasks, current iterative approaches predominantly rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Yuling Shi , Maolin Sun , Zijun Liu , Mo Yang , Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Xiaodong Gu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become an essential approach for extending the reasoning and knowledge capacity of large language models (LLMs). While prior research has primarily focused on retrieval quality and prompting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiamin Chen , Yuchen Li , Xinyu Ma , Xinran Chen , Xiaokun Zhang , Shuaiqiang Wang , Chen Ma , Dawei Yin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating up-to-date external knowledge, yet real-world web environments present unique challenges. These limitations manifest as two key challenges: pervasive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuqin Dai , Shuo Yang , Guoqing Wang , Yong Deng , Zhanwei Zhang , Jun Yin , Pengyu Zeng , Zhenzhe Ying , Changhua Meng , Can Yi , Yuchen Zhou , Weiqiang Wang , Shuai Lu

Work-in-Progress (WiP) prediction is critical for predictive process monitoring, enabling accurate anticipation of workload fluctuations and optimized operational planning. This paper proposes a retrieval-augmented, multi-agent framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yousef Mehrdad Bibalan , Behrouz Far , Mohammad Moshirpour , Bahareh Ghiyasian

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is increasingly recognized as an effective approach to mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs) through the integration of external knowledge. While numerous efforts, most studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Shuo Yu , Mingyue Cheng , Qi Liu , Daoyu Wang , Jiqian Yang , Jie Ouyang , Yucong Luo , Chenyi Lei , Enhong Chen

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating multimodal data (text, images, videos) into retrieval and generation processes, overcoming the limitations of text-only…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lang Mei , Siyu Mo , Zhihan Yang , Chong Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a central component of modern LLM systems, particularly in scenarios where up-to-date information is crucial for accurately responding to user queries or when queries exceed the scope of the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kutay Tire , Ege Onur Taga , Muhammed Emrullah Ildiz , Samet Oymak

Large language models (LLMs) often need to incorporate external knowledge to solve theme-specific problems. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown its high promise, empowering LLMs to generate more qualified responses with retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jimeng Shi , Sizhe Zhou , Bowen Jin , Wei Hu , Runchu Tian , Shaowen Wang , Giri Narasimhan , Jiawei Han

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework to improve factuality in large language models (LLMs) by grounding their outputs in retrieved documents. However, ensuring perfect retrieval of relevant information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Zhan Peng Lee , Andre Lin , Calvin Tan

Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating supplementary retrieved documents, enabling more accurate and context-aware responses. However, integrating these external…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenfeng Wang , Xiaofeng Hou , Peng Tang , Hengyi Zhou , Jing Wang , Xinkai Wang , Chao Li , Minyi Guo

The quality of answers generated by large language models (LLMs) in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is largely influenced by the contextual information contained in the retrieved documents. A key challenge for improving RAG is to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Fangzheng Tian , Debasis Ganguly , Craig Macdonald

Retrieval-Augmented Generation enhances Large Language Models by integrating external knowledge, which reduces hallucinations but increases prompt length. This increase leads to higher computational costs and longer Time to First Token…

Existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are primarily designed under the assumption that each query has a single correct answer. This overlooks common information-seeking scenarios with multiple plausible answers, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Tianyi Hu , Niket Tandon , Akhil Arora

Retrieval-augmented generation has gained significant attention due to its ability to integrate relevant external knowledge, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the LLMs' responses. Most of the existing methods apply a dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Liang Xiao , Wen Dai , Shuai Chen , Bin Qin , Chongyang Shi , Haopeng Jing , Tianyu Guo

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) augments Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge to improve factuality. However, existing RAG systems frequently underutilize the retrieved documents, failing to extract and integrate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hao Chen , Yukun Yan , Sen Mei , Wanxiang Che , Zhenghao Liu , Qi Shi , Xinze Li , Yuchun Fan , Pengcheng Huang , Qiushi Xiong , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

We study question answering in the domain of radio regulations, a legally sensitive and high-stakes area. We propose a telecom-specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline and introduce, to our knowledge, the first multiple-choice…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zakaria El Kassimi , Fares Fourati , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems traditionally treat retrieval and generation as separate processes, requiring explicit textual queries to connect them. This separation can limit the ability of models to generalize across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Wenzheng Zhang , Xi Victoria Lin , Karl Stratos , Wen-tau Yih , Mingda Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances factual grounding in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved evidence, but LLM accuracy declines when long or noisy contexts exceed the model's effective attention span. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Debashish Chakraborty , Eugene Yang , Daniel Khashabi , Dawn Lawrie , Kevin Duh