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Due to its expressiveness and unambiguous nature, First-Order Logic (FOL) is a powerful formalism for representing concepts expressed in natural language (NL). This is useful, e.g., for specifying and verifying desired system properties.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Andrea Brunello , Luca Geatti , Michele Mignani , Angelo Montanari , Nicola Saccomanno

Translating natural language into formal language such as First-Order Logic (FOL) is a foundational challenge in NLP with wide-ranging applications in automated reasoning, misinformation tracking, and knowledge validation. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Abhinav Lalwani , Tasha Kim , Lovish Chopra , Christopher Hahn , Zhijing Jin , Mrinmaya Sachan

Semantic parsing is the task of obtaining machine-interpretable representations from natural language text. We consider one such formal representation - First-Order Logic (FOL) and explore the capability of neural models in parsing English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Hrituraj Singh , Milan Aggrawal , Balaji Krishnamurthy

Automating the translation of natural language to first-order logic (FOL) is crucial for knowledge representation and formal methods, yet remains challenging. We present a systematic evaluation of fine-tuned LLMs for this task, comparing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Felix Vossel , Till Mossakowski , Björn Gehrke

Translating formal language into natural language is a foundational challenge in NLP, driving various downstream applications in semantic parsing, theorem validation, and question answering. In this study, we introduce First-Order Logic to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mei Jia

This paper develops a principled foundation for goal-oriented semantic communication for logical decision-making. Consider a setting where autonomous agents engage in collaborative perception. In such settings, the volume of sensory data…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ahmet Faruk Saz , Faramarz Fekri

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on a variety of natural language understanding tasks. However, existing benchmarks are inadequate in measuring the complex logical reasoning capabilities of a model. We…

Autonomous robot systems for applications from search and rescue to assistive guidance should be able to engage in natural language dialog with people. To study such cooperative communication, we introduce Robot Simultaneous Localization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Shurjo Banerjee , Jesse Thomason , Jason J. Corso

Empirical evaluation of state-of-the-art natural-language (NL) to temporal-logic (TL) translation systems reveals near-perfect performance on existing benchmarks. However, current studies measure only the accuracy of the translation of NL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 William H English , Chase Walker , Dominic Simon , Sumit Kumar Jha , Rickard Ewetz

First-Order Logic (FOL), also called first-order predicate calculus, is a formal language that provides a framework to comprehensively represent a world and its present state, including all of its entities, attributes, and complex…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ahmet Faruk Saz , Siheng Xiong , Faramarz Fekri

Large language models (LLMs) are highly capable at language generation, but they remain unreliable when reasoning requires explicit symbolic structure, multi-step inference, and interpretable uncertainty. This paper presents a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Mina Gabriel , Pei Wang

Existing vision-and-language navigation (VLN) models primarily reason over past and current visual observations, while largely ignoring the future visual dynamics induced by actions. As a result, they often lack an effective understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Haihong Hao , Lei Chen , Mingfei Han , Changlin Li , Dong An , Yuqiang Yang , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang

Logical reasoning is a fundamental task in natural language processing that presents significant challenges to Large Language Models (LLMs). The inherent characteristics of logical reasoning makes it well-suited for symbolic representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Jiuzhou Han , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

As spacecraft journey further from Earth with more complex missions, systems of greater autonomy and onboard intelligence are called for. Reducing reliance on human-based mission control becomes increasingly critical if we are to increase…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-03 David Maranto

Foundation Models (FMs), e.g., large language models, possess attributes of intelligence which offer promise to endow a robot with the contextual understanding necessary to navigate complex, unstructured tasks in the wild. We see three core…

Natural-language-facilitated human-robot cooperation (NLC) refers to using natural language (NL) to facilitate interactive information sharing and task executions with a common goal constraint between robots and humans. Recently, NLC…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Rui Liu , Xiaoli Zhang

The use of formal language for deductive logical reasoning aligns well with language models (LMs), where translating natural language (NL) into first-order logic (FOL) and employing an external solver results in a verifiable and therefore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Jiuzhou Han , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Translating natural language (NL) into a formal language such as temporal logic (TL) is integral for human communication with robots and autonomous systems. State-of-the-art approaches decompose the task into a lifting of atomic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 William English , Dominic Simon , Sumit Kumar Jha , Rickard Ewetz

Recent works have explored using language models for planning problems. One approach examines translating natural language descriptions of planning tasks into structured planning languages, such as the planning domain definition language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Max Zuo , Francisco Piedrahita Velez , Xiaochen Li , Michael L. Littman , Stephen H. Bach

Previous work in the context of natural language querying of temporal databases has established a method to map automatically from a large subset of English time-related questions to suitable expressions of a temporal logic-like language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 I. Androutsopoulos
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