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Large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing interests to improve clinical efficiency for medical diagnosis, owing to their unprecedented performance in modelling natural language. Ensuring the safe and reliable clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lei Liu , Xiaoyan Yang , Fangzhou Li , Chenfei Chi , Yue Shen , Shiwei Lyu Ming Zhang , Xiaowei Ma , Xiangguo Lyu , Liya Ma , Zhiqiang Zhang , Wei Xue , Yiran Huang , Jinjie Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly developed for use in complex professional domains, yet little is known about how teams design and evaluate these systems in practice. This paper examines the challenges and trade-offs in LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Annalisa Szymanski , Oghenemaro Anuyah , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Ronald A. Metoyer

The equitable assessment of individual contribution in teams remains a persistent challenge, where conflict and disparity in workload can result in unfair performance evaluation, often requiring manual intervention - a costly and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jakub Slapek , Mir Seyedebrahimi , Jianhua Yang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has profoundly transformed the paradigms of information retrieval and problem-solving, enabling students to access information acquisition more efficiently to support learning. However, there is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yiming Luo , Ting Liu , Patrick Cheong-Iao Pang , Dana McKay , Ziqi Chen , George Buchanan , Shanton Chang

Web agents enable users to perform tasks on web browsers through natural language interaction. Evaluating web agents trajectories is an important problem, since it helps us determine whether the agent successfully completed the tasks.…

Evaluation insights are limited by the availability of high-quality benchmarks. As models evolve, there is a need to create benchmarks that can measure progress on new and complex generative capabilities. However, manually creating new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Natasha Butt , Varun Chandrasekaran , Neel Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran

Lived experiences fundamentally shape how individuals interact with AI systems, influencing perceptions of safety, trust, and usability. While prior research has focused on developing techniques to emulate human preferences, and proposed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Sanjana Gautam , Mohit Chandra , Ankolika De , Tatiana Chakravorti , Girik Malik , Munmun De Choudhury

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

When deploying autonomous agents in the real world, we need effective ways of communicating objectives to them. Traditional skill learning has revolved around reinforcement and imitation learning, each with rigid constraints on the format…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Mark Woodward , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as educational tools, yet evaluating their teaching capabilities remains challenging due to the resource-intensive, context-dependent, and methodologically complex nature of teacher-student…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yao Shi , Rongkeng Liang , Yong Xu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly extended the capabilities of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), demonstrating significant effectiveness across a wide range of complex and open-ended domains. However, despite this…

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of AI agents that exhibit increasingly human-like behaviors, including planning, adaptation, and social dynamics across diverse, interactive, and open-ended…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-13 Lin Chen , Yunke Zhang , Jie Feng , Haoye Chai , Honglin Zhang , Bingbing Fan , Yibo Ma , Shiyuan Zhang , Nian Li , Tianhui Liu , Nicholas Sukiennik , Keyu Zhao , Yu Li , Ziyi Liu , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

We introduce a new benchmark, LLF-Bench (Learning from Language Feedback Benchmark; pronounced as "elf-bench"), to evaluate the ability of AI agents to interactively learn from natural language feedback and instructions. Learning from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ching-An Cheng , Andrey Kolobov , Dipendra Misra , Allen Nie , Adith Swaminathan

The era of intelligent agents is upon us, driven by revolutionary advancements in large language models. Large Language Model (LLM) agents, with goal-driven behaviors and dynamic adaptation capabilities, potentially represent a critical…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved superior performance in powering text-based AI agents, endowing them with decision-making and reasoning abilities akin to humans. Concurrently, there is an emerging research trend focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Junlin Xie , Zhihong Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

As Large Language Models increasingly mediate human communication and decision-making, understanding their value expression becomes critical for research across disciplines. This work presents the Ethics Engine, a modular Python pipeline…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jake Van Clief , Constantine Kyritsopoulos

The primary goal of this study is to analyze agentic workflows in education according to the proposed four major technological paradigms: reflection, planning, tool use, and multi-agent collaboration. We critically examine the role of AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Firuz Kamalov , David Santandreu Calonge , Linda Smail , Dilshod Azizov , Dimple R. Thadani , Theresa Kwong , Amara Atif

In today's data-driven era, computational systems generate vast amounts of data that drive the digital transformation of industries, where Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a key role. Currently, the demand for eXplainable AI (XAI) has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Georgios Makridis , Vasileios Koukos , Georgios Fatouros , Dimosthenis Kyriazis

Artificial intelligence develops techniques and systems whose performance must be evaluated on a regular basis in order to certify and foster progress in the discipline. We will describe and critically assess the different ways AI systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Jose Hernandez-Orallo

Understanding the behavior of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for ensuring their safe and reliable use. However, existing explainable AI (XAI) methods for LLMs primarily rely on word-level explanations, which are often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Furui Cheng , Vilém Zouhar , Robin Shing Moon Chan , Daniel Fürst , Hendrik Strobelt , Mennatallah El-Assady