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While continuous diffusion has shown remarkable success in continuous domains such as image generation, its direct application to discrete data has underperformed compared to purely discrete formulations. This gap is counterintuitive, given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Patrick Pynadath , Jiaxin Shi , Ruqi Zhang

Semantic segmentation models trained on synthetic data often perform poorly on real-world images due to domain gaps, particularly in adverse conditions where labeled data is scarce. Yet, recent foundation models enable to generate realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Estelle Chigot , Dennis G. Wilson , Meriem Ghrib , Thomas Oberlin

I propose a novel framework that integrates stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with deep generative models to improve uncertainty quantification in machine learning applications involving structured and temporal data. This approach,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-09 James Rice

Recent Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods encapsulating relational information via masking in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown promising performance. However, most existing approaches rely on random masking strategies in either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jongwon Park , Heesoo Jung , Hogun Park

Bayesian networks provide a language for qualitatively representing the conditional independence properties of a distribution. This allows a natural and compact representation of the distribution, eases knowledge acquisition, and supports…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Craig Boutilier , Nir Friedman , Moises Goldszmidt , Daphne Koller

One of the challenges of handwriting recognition is to transcribe a large number of vastly different writing styles. State-of-the-art approaches do not explicitly use information about the writer's style, which may be limiting overall…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jan Kohút , Michal Hradiš , Martin Kišš

Answering counterfactual queries has important applications such as explainability, robustness, and fairness but is challenging when the causal variables are unobserved and the observations are non-linear mixtures of these latent variables,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Zeyu Zhou , Ruqi Bai , Sean Kulinski , Murat Kocaoglu , David I. Inouye

A growing number of scholars seek to estimate causal effects of unstructured data such as text, images, and video. However, existing methods typically treat each object as a single, static observation. We develop a statistical framework for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Kentaro Nakamura , Kosuke Imai

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often struggle with out-of-distribution data, limiting their reliability in diverse realworld applications. To address this issue, domain generalization methods have been developed to learn domain-invariant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jiaxi Li , Di Lin , Hao Chen , Hongying Liu , Liang Wan , Wei Feng

Determining conditional independence (CI) relationships between random variables is a fundamental yet challenging task in machine learning and statistics, especially in high-dimensional settings. Existing generative model-based CI testing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yixin Ren , Chenghou Jin , Yewei Xia , Li Ke , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Hao Zhang , Jihong Guan , Shuigeng Zhou

Subject-driven text-to-image (T2I) customization has drawn significant interest in academia and industry. This task enables pre-trained models to generate novel images based on unique subjects. Existing studies adopt a self-reconstructive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Nan Chen , Mengqi Huang , Zhuowei Chen , Yang Zheng , Lei Zhang , Zhendong Mao

Existing text recognition methods usually need large-scale training data. Most of them rely on synthetic training data due to the lack of annotated real images. However, there is a domain gap between the synthetic data and real data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Mingkun Yang , Minghui Liao , Pu Lu , Jing Wang , Shenggao Zhu , Hualin Luo , Qi Tian , Xiang Bai

Multi-source domain adaptation (MSDA) methods aim to transfer knowledge from multiple labeled source domains to an unlabeled target domain. Although current methods achieve target joint distribution identifiability by enforcing minimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Zijian Li , Ruichu Cai , Guangyi Chen , Boyang Sun , Zhifeng Hao , Kun Zhang

Deep generative models can emulate the perceptual properties of complex image datasets, providing a latent representation of the data. However, manipulating such representation to perform meaningful and controllable transformations in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Michel Besserve , Arash Mehrjou , Rémy Sun , Bernhard Schölkopf

Existing domain adaptation methods assume that domain discrepancies are caused by a few discrete attributes and variations, e.g., art, real, painting, quickdraw, etc. We argue that this is not realistic as it is implausible to define the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yinsong Xu , Zhuqing Jiang , Aidong Men , Yang Liu , Qingchao Chen

Unsupervised domain adaptation for semantic segmentation has been intensively studied due to the low cost of the pixel-level annotation for synthetic data. The most common approaches try to generate images or features mimicking the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Kaihong Wang , Chenhongyi Yang , Margrit Betke

Recently, image-to-image translation research has witnessed remarkable progress. Although current approaches successfully generate diverse outputs or perform scalable image transfer, these properties have not been combined into a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yaxing Wang , Abel Gonzalez-Garcia , Joost van de Weijer , Luis Herranz

Music genre classification shapes how listeners discover music, how platforms design recommendations, and how sociologists study cultural taste. Yet existing genre labels are inconsistent in granularity: they exaggerate boundaries between…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-30 Makoto Takeuchi

Scientific expertise often requires recognizing subtle visual differences that remain challenging to articulate even for domain experts. We present a system that leverages generative models to automatically discover and visualize minimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Mia Chiquier , Orr Avrech , Yossi Gandelsman , Berthy Feng , Katherine Bouman , Carl Vondrick

As one of the prominent AI-generated content, Deepfake has raised significant safety concerns. Although it has been demonstrated that temporal consistency cues offer better generalization capability, existing methods based on CNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Beilin Chu , Xuan Xu , Yufei Zhang , Weike You , Linna Zhou