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Recent works modify CLIP to perform open-vocabulary semantic segmentation in a training-free manner (TF-OVSS). In vanilla CLIP, patch-wise image representations mainly encode homogeneous image-level properties, which hinders the application…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jingyun Wang , Cilin Yan , Guoliang Kang

Vision language action (VLA) models enable generalist robotic agents but often exhibit language ignorance, relying on visual shortcuts and remaining insensitive to instruction changes. We present Prospective Grounding and Alignment VLA…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Nastaran Darabi , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP have been cherished for their ability to perform zero-shot visual recognition on open-vocabulary concepts. This is achieved by selecting the object category whose textual representation bears the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Shaunak Halbe , Junjiao Tian , K J Joseph , James Seale Smith , Katherine Stevo , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Zsolt Kira

In the field of natural language processing (NLP), continuous vector representations are crucial for capturing the semantic meanings of individual words. Yet, when it comes to the representations of sets of words, the conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Sho Yokoi , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Vision-language models such as CLIP are pretrained on large volumes of internet sourced image and text pairs, and have been shown to sometimes exhibit impressive zero- and low-shot image classification performance. However, due to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Omiros Pantazis , Gabriel Brostow , Kate Jones , Oisin Mac Aodha

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on long-context modeling for tasks such as document understanding, code analysis, and multi-step reasoning. However, scaling context windows to the million-token level brings prohibitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jiale Cheng , Yusen Liu , Xinyu Zhang , Yulin Fei , Wenyi Hong , Ruiliang Lyu , Weihan Wang , Zhe Su , Xiaotao Gu , Xiao Liu , Yushi Bai , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Language models~(LMs) gradually become general-purpose interfaces in the interactive and embodied world, where the understanding of physical concepts is an essential prerequisite. However, it is not yet clear whether LMs can understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lei Li , Jingjing Xu , Qingxiu Dong , Ce Zheng , Qi Liu , Lingpeng Kong , Xu Sun

Vision--language models (VLMs) often process visual inputs through a pretrained vision encoder, followed by a projection into the language model's embedding space via a connector component. While crucial for modality fusion, the potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Wenyan Li , Raphael Tang , Chengzu Li , Caiqi Zhang , Ivan Vulić , Anders Søgaard

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) trained with visual instruction tuning have achieved strong performance across diverse tasks, yet they remain limited in vision-centric tasks such as object counting or spatial reasoning. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Heeji Yoon , Jaewoo Jung , Junwan Kim , Hyungyu Choi , Heeseong Shin , Sangbeom Lim , Honggyu An , Chaehyun Kim , Jisang Han , Donghyun Kim , Chanho Eom , Sunghwan Hong , Seungryong Kim

The key to integrating visual language tasks is to establish a good alignment strategy. Recently, visual semantic representation has achieved fine-grained visual understanding by dividing grids or image patches. However, the coarse-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Siyu Zhang , Yeming Chen , Yaoru Sun , Fang Wang , Jun Yang , Lizhi Bai , Shangce Gao

Establishing dense correspondence across 3D shapes is crucial for fundamental downstream tasks, including texture transfer, shape interpolation, and robotic manipulation. However, learning these mappings without manual supervision remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Qinfeng Xiao , Guofeng Mei , Qilong Liu , Chenyuan Yi , Fabio Poiesi , Jian Zhang , Bo Yang , Yick Kit-lun

We propose a novel Generalized Zero-Shot learning (GZSL) method that is agnostic to both unseen images and unseen semantic vectors during training. Prior works in this context propose to map high-dimensional visual features to the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Pengkai Zhu , Hanxiao Wang , Venkatesh Saligrama

Semantic communication has emerged as a promising paradigm for next-generation wireless systems, improving the communication efficiency by transmitting high-level semantic features. However, reliance on unimodal representations can degrade…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-11 Haoran Chang , Mingzhe Chen , Huaxia Wang , Qianqian Zhang

In cognitive science and AI, a longstanding question is whether machines learn representations that align with those of the human mind. While current models show promise, it remains an open question whether this alignment is superficial or…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-27 Craig Sanders , Billy Dickson , Sahaj Singh Maini , Robert Nosofsky , Zoran Tiganj

Medical reports with substantial information can be naturally complementary to medical images for computer vision tasks, and the modality gap between vision and language can be solved by vision-language matching (VLM). However, current…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Chen Wenting , Liu Jie , Yuan Yixuan

Acquiring dexterous robotic skills from human video demonstrations remains a significant challenge, largely due to conventional reliance on low-level trajectory replication, which often fails to generalize across varying objects, spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Shunlei Li , Longsen Gao , Jiuwen Cao , Yingbai Hu

This letter proposes a method of global localization on a map with semantic object landmarks. One of the most promising approaches for localization on object maps is to use semantic graph matching using landmark descriptors calculated from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Shigemichi Matsuzaki , Kazuhito Tanaka , Kazuhiro Shintani

Large language models (LLMs) generate high-dimensional embeddings that capture rich semantic and syntactic information. However, high-dimensional embeddings exacerbate computational complexity and storage requirements, thereby hindering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Biao Zhang , Lixin Chen , Tong Liu , Bo Zheng

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to recognize novel concepts from only a few labeled support samples. Recent studies enhance support features by incorporating additional semantic information or designing complex semantic fusion modules.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Wenhao Li , Qiangchang Wang , Xianjing Meng , Zhibin Wu , Yilong Yin

Neural embeddings are a popular set of methods for representing words, phrases or text as a low dimensional vector (typically 50-500 dimensions). However, it is difficult to interpret these dimensions in a meaningful manner, and creating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-10 Neil R. Smalheiser , Gary Bonifield