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In mixed near-field and far-field systems, the nonorthogonality between near-field and far-field channels may cause severe inter-user interference and hence degrade rate performance, when the analog beamforming is designed based on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Tianyu Liu , Changsheng You , Chao Zhou , Mingjiang Wu , Ming-Min Zhao , Zhaocheng Wang

In near-field extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, spherical wavefront propagation expands the traditional beam codebook into the joint angular-distance domain, rendering conventional beam training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Mengyuan Li , Qianfan Lu , Jiachen Tian , Hongjun Hu , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Chao-kai Wen , Shi Jin

This work considers a spatial non-stationary channel tracking problem in broadband extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems. In the case of spatial non-stationary, each scatterer has a certain visibility region…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Wenkang Xu , An Liu , Min-jian Zhao , Giuseppe Caire , Yik-Chung Wu

This paper proposes a Bayesian downlink channel estimation algorithm for time-varying massive MIMO networks. In particular, the quantization effects at the receiver are considered. In order to fully exploit the sparsity and time…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Jianpeng Ma , Shun Zhang , Hongyan Li , Feifei Gao , Zhu Han

Extremely large-scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key enabler for sixth-generation (6G) networks, offering massive spatial degrees of freedom. Despite these advantages, the coexistence of near-field and far-field…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Renbin Li , Shuangshuang Li , Peihao Dong

Terahertz ultra-massive MIMO (THz UM-MIMO) is envisioned as one of the key enablers of 6G wireless networks, for which channel estimation is highly challenging. Traditional analytical estimation methods are no longer effective, as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Wentao Yu , Yifei Shen , Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

With the deployment of large antenna arrays at high-frequency bands, future wireless communication systems are likely to operate in the radiative near-field (NF). Unlike far-field beam steering, NF beams can be focused on a spatial region…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Ahmed Hussain , Asmaa Abdallah , Abdulkadir Celik , Ahmed M. Eltawil

Flexible intelligent metasurfaces (FIMs) offer a new solution for wireless communications by introducing morphological degrees of freedom, dynamically morphing their three-dimensional shape to ensure multipath signals interfere…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jian Xiao , Ji Wang , Qimei Cui , Yucang Yang , Xingwang Li , Dusit Niyato , Chau Yuen

Terahertz ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (THz UM-MIMO) is envisioned as one of the key enablers of 6G wireless systems. Due to the joint effect of its array aperture and small wavelength, the near-field region of THz UM-MIMO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Wentao Yu , Yifei Shen , Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Since the beam squint and near-field effects both inherently exist in upper-6 GHz (U6G) extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, wideband near-field channel estimation faces severe challenges, such as higher…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Zhizheng Lu , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Michail Matthaiou

We present a unified model for connected antenna arrays with a large number of tightly integrated (i.e., coupled) antennas in a compact space within the context of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication. We refer to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Mohamed Akrout , Volodymyr Shyianov , Faouzi Bellili , Amine Mezghani , Robert W. Heath

The use of ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output and high-frequency large bandwidth systems is likely in the next-generation wireless communication systems. In such systems, the user moves between near- and far-field regions, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Simon Tarboush , Anum Ali , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Channel estimation is always implemented in communication systems to overcome the effect of interference and noise. Especially, in wireless communications, this task is more challenging to improve system performance while saving resources.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Do Hai Son , Tran Thi Thuy Quynh

In a realistic wireless environment, the multi-antenna channel usually exhibits spatially correlation fading. This is more emphasized when a large number of antennas is densely deployed, known as holographic massive MIMO (multiple-input…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

A novel modular extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework is proposed in this paper. We consider a downlink ISAC scenario and exploit the modular array architecture…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Chunwei Meng , Dingyou Ma , Zhaolin Wang , Yuanwei Liu , Zhiqing Wei , Zhiyong Feng

This paper investigates near-field XL-MIMO systems with sparse uniform planar arrays (UPAs). Based on the Green's function-based channel model, the paper derives closed-form expressions for the signal beam power when the distance coordinate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Xianzhe Chen , Hong Ren , Cunhua Pan , Cheng-Xiang Wang , Jiangzhou Wang

Approximate Message Passing (AMP) algorithms are a family of iterative algorithms based on large random matrices with the special property of tracking the statistical properties of their iterates. They are used in various fields such as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-27 Mohammed-Younes Gueddari , Walid Hachem , Jamal Najim

Extremely large aperture array (ELAA) is anticipated to serve as a pivotal feature of future multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in 6G. Near-field (NF) fading channel models are essential for reliable link-level simulation and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Jiuyu Liu , Yi Ma , Ahmed Elzanaty , Rahim Tafazolli

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is an emerging transceiver technology for enabling next-generation communication systems, due to its potential for substantial enhancement in both the spectral efficiency and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhe Wang , Jiayi Zhang , Wenhui Yi , Huahua Xiao , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Terahertz (THz) extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) is considered a key enabling technology for 6G and beyond due to its advantages such as wide bandwidth and high beam gain. As the frequency and array size increase, users are more likely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-15 Huixin Xu , Jianhua Zhang , Pan Tang , Hongbo Xing , Chong Han , Lei Tian , Qixing Wang , Guangyi Liu