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Mechanisms for continued self-improvement of language models without external supervision remain an open challenge. We propose Peer-Predictive Self-Training (PST), a label-free fine-tuning framework in which multiple language models improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shi Feng , Hanlin Zhang , Fan Nie , Sham Kakade , Yiling Chen

Sentence Representation Learning (SRL) is a crucial task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), where contrastive Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is currently a mainstream approach. However, the reasons behind its remarkable effectiveness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Mingxin Li , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie

Language representation learning has emerged as a promising approach for sequential recommendation, thanks to its ability to learn generalizable representations. However, despite its advantages, this approach still struggles with data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Minh-Anh Nguyen , Dung D. Le

Several self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches have shown that redundancy reduction in the feature embedding space is an effective tool for representation learning. However, these methods consider a narrow notion of redundancy, focusing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 David Zollikofer , Béni Egressy , Frederik Benzing , Matthias Otth , Roger Wattenhofer

Representation learning has significantly been developed with the advance of contrastive learning methods. Most of those methods have benefited from various data augmentations that are carefully designated to maintain their identities so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Xiao Wang , Guo-Jun Qi

Linear probing (LP) (and $k$-NN) on the upstream dataset with labels (e.g., ImageNet) and transfer learning (TL) to various downstream datasets are commonly employed to evaluate the quality of visual representations learned via…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Jae-Hun Lee , Doyoung Yoon , ByeongMoon Ji , Kyungyul Kim , Sangheum Hwang

In reinforcement learning (RL), experience replay-based sampling techniques play a crucial role in promoting convergence by eliminating spurious correlations. However, widely used methods such as uniform experience replay (UER) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Ramnath Kumar , Dheeraj Nagaraj

Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPAs) have recently emerged as a novel and powerful technique for self-supervised representation learning. They aim to learn an energy-based model by predicting the latent representation of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Geri Skenderi , Hang Li , Jiliang Tang , Marco Cristani

Self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches, such as contrastive and generative methods, have advanced environmental sound representation learning using unlabeled data. However, how these approaches can complement each other within a unified…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Sivan Ding , Julia Wilkins , Magdalena Fuentes , Juan Pablo Bello

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become prevalent for learning representations in computer vision. Notably, SSL exploits contrastive learning to encourage visual representations to be invariant under various image transformations. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Swati Jindal , Roberto Manduchi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has empirically shown its data representation learnability in many downstream tasks. There are only a few theoretical works on data representation learnability, and many of those focus on final data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Ruofeng Yang , Xiangyuan Li , Bo Jiang , Shuai Li

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods operate on unlabeled data to learn robust representations useful for downstream tasks. Most SSL methods rely on augmentations obtained by transforming the 2D image pixel map. These augmentations ignore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Sumukh Aithal , Anirudh Goyal , Alex Lamb , Yoshua Bengio , Michael Mozer

We investigate whether self-supervised learning (SSL) can improve online reinforcement learning (RL) from pixels. We extend the contrastive reinforcement learning framework (e.g., CURL) that jointly optimizes SSL and RL losses and conduct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Xiang Li , Jinghuan Shang , Srijan Das , Michael S. Ryoo

Self-supervised representation learning (SSL) methods provide an effective label-free initial condition for fine-tuning downstream tasks. However, in numerous realistic scenarios, the downstream task might be biased with respect to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Andrius Ovsianas , Jason Ramapuram , Dan Busbridge , Eeshan Gunesh Dhekane , Russ Webb

Pseudo-labeling has proven to be a promising semi-supervised learning (SSL) paradigm. Existing pseudo-labeling methods commonly assume that the class distributions of training data are balanced. However, such an assumption is far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Renzhen Wang , Xixi Jia , Quanziang Wang , Yichen Wu , Deyu Meng

In the era of transformer models, masked self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a foundational training paradigm. A defining feature of masked SSL is that training aggregates predictions across many masking patterns, giving rise to a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-02 Arie Wortsman Zurich , Federica Gerace , Bruno Loureiro , Yue M. Lu

Learning from large amounts of unsupervised data and a small amount of supervision is an important open problem in computer vision. We propose a new semi-supervised learning method, Semantic Positives via Pseudo-Labels (SemPPL), that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Matko Bošnjak , Pierre H. Richemond , Nenad Tomasev , Florian Strub , Jacob C. Walker , Felix Hill , Lars Holger Buesing , Razvan Pascanu , Charles Blundell , Jovana Mitrovic

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) has shown impressive capabilities in training agents without reward engineering. However, a notable limitation of PbRL is its dependency on substantial human feedback. This dependency stems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Fengshuo Bai , Rui Zhao , Hongming Zhang , Sijia Cui , Ying Wen , Yaodong Yang , Bo Xu , Lei Han

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems frequently use a search-based decoding strategy aiming to find the best attainable transcript by considering multiple candidates. One prominent speech recognition decoding heuristic is beam search,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Tomer Wullach , Shlomo E. Chazan

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful technique for learning rich representations from unlabeled data. The data representations are able to capture many underlying attributes of data, and be useful in downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Weicheng Zhu , Sheng Liu , Carlos Fernandez-Granda , Narges Razavian