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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models trained on large robot datasets promise general-purpose, robust control across diverse domains and embodiments. However, existing approaches often fail out-of-the-box when deployed in novel environments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ruihan Zhao , Tyler Ingebrand , Sandeep Chinchali , Ufuk Topcu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable progress in embodied tasks recently, but most methods process visual observations independently at each timestep. This history-agnostic design treats robot manipulation as a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lei Xiao , Jifeng Li , Juntao Gao , Feiyang Ye , Yan Jin , Jingjing Qian , Jing Zhang , Yong Wu , Xiaoyuan Yu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robot manipulation by unifying perception and action. However, existing VLA systems primarily rely on textual instructions and struggle to resolve spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Wenxuan Guo , Ziyuan Li , Meng Zhang , Yichen Liu , Yimeng Dong , Chuxi Xu , Yunfei Wei , Ze Chen , Erjin Zhou , Jianjiang Feng

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models rely primarily on RGB perception, preventing them from capturing modalities such as thermal signals that are imperceptible to conventional visual sensors. Moreover, end-to-end generative policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Dian Yu , Qingchuan Zhou , Bingkun Huang , Majid Khadiv , Zewen Yang

Recent high-capacity vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of robotic manipulation tasks by imitating human demonstrations. However, exploiting offline data with limited visited states will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guanxing Lu , Wenkai Guo , Chubin Zhang , Yuheng Zhou , Haonan Jiang , Zifeng Gao , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Mobile robot platforms will increasingly be tasked with activities that involve grasping and manipulating objects in open world environments. Affordance understanding provides a robot with means to realise its goals and execute its tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Gertjan Burghouts , Marianne Schaaphok , Michael van Bekkum , Wouter Meijer , Fieke Hillerström , Jelle van Mil

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a next-generation paradigm for robotics. We introduce dVLA, a diffusion-based VLA that leverages a multimodal chain-of-thought to unify visual perception, language reasoning, and robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Wen , Minjie Zhu , Jiaming Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yicun Yang , Linfeng Zhang , Shanghang Zhang , Yichen Zhu , Yi Xu

The rapid progress of auto-regressive vision-language models (VLMs) has inspired growing interest in vision-language-action models (VLA) for robotic manipulation. Recently, masked diffusion models, a paradigm distinct from autoregressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yuqing Wen , Hebei Li , Kefan Gu , Yucheng Zhao , Tiancai Wang , Xiaoyan Sun

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown impressive generalization and language-guided manipulation capabilities. However, their performance degrades on tasks requiring precise spatial reasoning due to limited spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tianyuan Yuan , Yicheng Liu , Chenhao Lu , Zhuoguang Chen , Tao Jiang , Hang Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising path to realizing generalist embodied agents that can quickly adapt to new tasks, modalities, and environments. However, methods for interpreting and steering VLAs fall far short of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Bear Häon , Kaylene Stocking , Ian Chuang , Claire Tomlin

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are emerging as embodied foundation models for robotic manipulation, but their deployment introduces a new unlearning challenge: removing unsafe, spurious, or privacy-sensitive behaviors without degrading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ravi Ranjan , Agoritsa Polyzou

Predictive foresight is important to intelligent embodied agents. Since the motor execution of a robot is intrinsically constrained by its visual perception of environmental geometry, effectively anticipating the future requires capturing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Xiaoxu Xu , Hao Li , Jinhui Ye , Yilun Chen , Jia Zeng , Xinyi Chen , Linning Xu , Dahua Lin , Weixin Li , Jiangmiao Pang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for robotic manipulation. However, existing post-training methods face a dilemma between stability and exploration: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is constrained by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiashun Li , Xiaoyu Shi , Hong Xie , Mingsheng Shang , Yun Lu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for scalable robotic manipulation, yet their reliance on success-only behavioral cloning leaves them brittle; lacking corrective training signals, minor execution errors…

Learning real-world robotic manipulation is challenging, particularly when limited demonstrations are available. Existing methods for few-shot manipulation often rely on simulation-augmented data or pre-built modules like grasping and pose…

Imitation learning has proven to be highly effective in teaching robots dexterous manipulation skills. However, it typically relies on large amounts of human demonstration data, which limits its scalability and applicability in dynamic,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Minjie Zhu , Yichen Zhu , Jinming Li , Zhongyi Zhou , Junjie Wen , Xiaoyu Liu , Chaomin Shen , Yaxin Peng , Feifei Feng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in robotic manipulation,enabling robots to execute natural language commands through end-to-end learning from visual observations.However, deploying large-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Abdullah Yahya Abdullah Omaisan , Ibrahim Sheikh Mohamed

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically bridge the gap between perceptual and action spaces by pre-training a large-scale Vision-Language Model (VLM) on robotic data. While this approach greatly enhances performance, it also incurs…

The Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models can follow text instructions according to visual observations of the surrounding environment. This ability to map multimodal inputs to actions is derived from the training of the VLA model on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jinyue Bian , Zhaoxing Zhang , Zhengyu Liang , Shiwei Zheng , Shengtao Zhang , Rong Shen , Chen Yang , Anzhou Hou

Training end-to-end deep robot policies requires a lot of domain-, task-, and hardware-specific data, which is often costly to provide. In this work, we propose to tackle this issue by employing a deep neural network with a modular…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Aleksi Hämäläinen , Karol Arndt , Ali Ghadirzadeh , Ville Kyrki