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Large Language Models demonstrate remarkable capabilities yet remain fundamentally probabilistic, presenting critical reliability challenges for enterprise deployment. We introduce the Six Sigma Agent, a novel architecture that achieves…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Khush Patel , Siva Surendira , Jithin George , Shreyas Kapale

Large language models (LLMs) often demonstrate strong safety performance in high-resource languages, yet exhibit severe vulnerabilities when queried in low-resource languages. We attribute this gap to a mismatch between language-agnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Junxiao Yang , Haoran Liu , Jinzhe Tu , Jiale Cheng , Zhexin Zhang , Shiyao Cui , Jiaqi Weng , Jialing Tao , Hui Xue , Hongning Wang , Han Qiu , Minlie Huang

The acquisition of agentic capabilities has transformed LLMs from "knowledge providers" to "action executors", a trend that while expanding LLMs' capability boundaries, significantly increases their susceptibility to malicious use. Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jinchuan Zhang , Lu Yin , Yan Zhou , Songlin Hu

The performance of large language model (LLM) agents depends critically on the execution harness, the system layer that orchestrates tool use, context management, and state persistence. Yet this same architectural centrality makes the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xixun Lin , Yang Liu , Yancheng Chen , Yongxuan Wu , Yucheng Ning , Yilong Liu , Nan Sun , Shun Zhang , Bin Chong , Chuan Zhou , Yanan Cao

Large language model multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) offer a promising paradigm for harnessing collective intelligence to achieve more advanced forms of AI behaviour. While recent studies suggest that LLM-MAS can outperform LLM single-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bohan Tang , Huidong Liang , Keyue Jiang , Xiaowen Dong

Coding agents represent a new paradigm in automated software engineering, combining the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with tool-augmented interaction loops. However, coding agents still have severe limitations.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Tural Mehtiyev , Wesley Assunção

Large language model (LLM) agents are rapidly becoming trusted copilots in high-stakes domains like software development and healthcare. However, this deepening trust introduces a novel attack surface: Agent-Mediated Deception (AMD), where…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xinfeng Li , Shenyu Dai , Kelong Zheng , Yue Xiao , Gelei Deng , Wei Dong , Xiaofeng Wang

As large language models grow in capability and agency, identifying vulnerabilities through red-teaming becomes vital for safe deployment. However, traditional prompt-engineering approaches may prove ineffective once red-teaming turns into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alexander Panfilov , Paul Kassianik , Maksym Andriushchenko , Jonas Geiping

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have significantly advanced audio understanding but introduce critical security risks, particularly through audio jailbreaks. While prior work has focused on English-centric attacks, we expose a far more…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Jaechul Roh , Virat Shejwalkar , Amir Houmansadr

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dereck Piche , Mohammed Muqeeth , Milad Aghajohari , Juan Duque , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville

The construction industry is characterized by both high physical and psychological risks, yet supports of mental health remain limited. While advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), offer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fan Yang , Yuan Tian , Jiansong Zhang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models promise improved problem-solving through collaboration, yet they often fail to consistently outperform strong single-agent baselines due to error propagation at inter-agent message…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bohan Lin , Kuo Yang , Zelin Tan , Yingchuan Lai , Chen Zhang , Guibin Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Miao Yu , Xu Wang , Yudong Zhang , Yang Wang

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) unlock new potentials in distributed reasoning, collaboration, and task generalization but also introduce additional risks due to unguaranteed agreement, cascading uncertainty, and adversarial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Multi-agent LLM systems are increasingly deployed as autonomous collaborators, where agents interact freely rather than execute fixed, pre-specified workflows. In such settings, effective coordination cannot be fully designed in advance and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aneesh Pappu , Batu El , Hancheng Cao , Carmelo di Nolfo , Yanchao Sun , Meng Cao , James Zou

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have upgraded them from sophisticated text generators to autonomous agents capable of cooperation and tool use in multi-agent systems (MAS). However, it remains unclear how disagreements shape…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Tianjie Ju , Bowen Wang , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Yun Li , Qianren Wang , Pengzhou Cheng , Zongru Wu , Haodong Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Most discussions about Large Language Model (LLM) safety have focused on single-agent settings but multi-agent LLM systems now create novel adversarial risks because their behavior depends on communication between agents and decentralized…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rana Muhammad Shahroz Khan , Zhen Tan , Sukwon Yun , Charles Fleming , Tianlong Chen

Multi-agent systems built on large language models (LLMs) are expected to enhance decision-making by pooling distributed information, yet systematically evaluating this capability has remained challenging. We introduce HiddenBench, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yuxuan Li , Aoi Naito , Hirokazu Shirado

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown promise for solving complex tasks through agent collaboration. However, existing frameworks assign tasks based on predefined roles without considering whether an agent can accurately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenyu Wang , Yang Shu

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) have rapidly advanced collaborative reasoning, tool use, and role-specialized coordination in complex tasks. However, reliability-critical deployment remains hindered by a…

Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on static, pre-deployment safety mechanisms that cannot adapt to adversarial threats discovered after release. Objective: To design a software architecture enabling LLM-based systems to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Tyler Slater