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Classroom observation protocols standardize the assessment of teaching effectiveness and facilitate comprehension of classroom interactions. Whereas these protocols offer teachers specific feedback on their teaching practices, the manual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Ruikun Hou , Tim Fütterer , Babette Bühler , Efe Bozkir , Peter Gerjets , Ulrich Trautwein , Enkelejda Kasneci

High-quality instructions and responses are essential for the zero-shot performance of large language models on interactive natural language tasks. For interactive vision-language tasks involving intricate visual scenes, a large quantity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Bo Li , Yuanhan Zhang , Liangyu Chen , Jinghao Wang , Fanyi Pu , Jingkang Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ziwei Liu

This paper investigates personalization in the field of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). We hypothesize that personalization in the way questions are asked improves student learning outcomes. Previous work on dialogue-based ITS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Sabina Elkins , Robert Belfer , Ekaterina Kochmar , Iulian Serban , Jackie C. K. Cheung

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly deep learning, have enabled autonomous systems to perceive and comprehend objects and their environments in a perceptual subsymbolic manner. These systems can now perform object detection,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Amr Gomaa , Michael Feld

Accurate prediction of student performance is essential for enabling timely academic interventions. However, most machine learning models used in educational settings are static and lack the ability to adapt when new data such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Timothy Oluwapelumi Adeyemi , Nadiah Fahad AlOtaibi

Intent inferral, the process by which a robotic device predicts a user's intent from biosignals, offers an effective and intuitive way to control wearable robots. Classical intent inferral methods treat biosignal inputs as unidirectional…

Adapting one's thought process based on corrective feedback is an essential ability in human learning, particularly in collaborative settings. In contrast, the current large language model training paradigm relies heavily on modeling vast,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Martin Klissarov , Jonathan Cook , Diego Antognini , Hao Sun , Jingling Li , Natasha Jaques , Claudiu Musat , Edward Grefenstette

We propose a new Verbal Reinforcement Learning (VRL) framework for interpretable task-level planning in mobile robotic systems operating under execution uncertainty. The framework follows a closed-loop architecture that enables iterative…

Current Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems typically use separate models for speech-prompted and text-prompted timbre control. While unifying both control signals into a single model is desirable, the challenge of cross-modal alignment often…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zihao Zheng , Wen Wu , Chao Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Xuenan Xu

Self-play fine-tuning enables large language models to improve beyond supervised fine-tuning without additional human annotations by contrasting annotated responses with self-generated ones. Many existing methods rely on a fixed divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wenjie Liao , Like Wu , Liangjie Zhao , Shihui Xu , Shigeru Fujimura

Effective interactive tool use requires agents to master Tool Integrated Reasoning (TIR): a complex process involving multi-turn planning and long-context dialogue management. To train agents for this dynamic process, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Weiting Tan , Xinghua Qu , Ming Tu , Meng Ge , Andy T. Liu , Philipp Koehn , Lu Lu

Porous materials exhibit vast structural diversity and support critical applications in gas storage, separations, and catalysis. However, predictive modeling remains challenging due to the multiscale nature of structure-property…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Dong Chen , Jian Liu , Chun-Long Chen , Guo-Wei Wei

In modern speech synthesis, paralinguistic information--such as a speaker's vocal timbre, emotional state, and dynamic prosody--plays a critical role in conveying nuance beyond mere semantics. Traditional Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Kexin Huang , Qian Tu , Liwei Fan , Chenchen Yang , Dong Zhang , Shimin Li , Zhaoye Fei , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu

Most of the existing spoken language understanding systems can perform only semantic frame parsing based on a single-round user query. They cannot take users' feedback to update/add/remove slot values through multiround interactions with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Yu Wang , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Todays, Intelligent and web-based E-learning is one of regarded topics. So researchers are trying to optimize and expand its application in the field of education. The aim of this paper is developing of E-learning software which is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-04-17 Hossein Movafegh Ghadirli , Maryam Rastgarpour

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable fluency in educational dialogues, most generative tutors primarily operate through intuitive, single-pass generation. This reliance on fast thinking precludes a dedicated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yuang Wei , Ruijia Li , Bo Jiang

This paper presents our experiences in designing, implementing, and piloting an intelligent vocabulary learning tutor. The design builds on several intelligent tutoring design concepts, including graph-based knowledge representation,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Ravi Kokku , Aditya Vempaty , Tamer Abuelsaad , Prasenjit Dey , Tammy Humphrey , Akimi Gibson , Jennifer Kotler

Our research is a step toward ascertaining the need for personalization, in XAI, and we do so in the context of investigating the value of explanations of AI-driven hints and feedback are useful in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS). We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Cristina Conati , Oswald Barral , Vanessa Putnam , Lea Rieger

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have created new possibilities for making education more scalable, adaptive, and learner-centered. However, existing educational chatbot systems often lack contextual adaptability, real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mohamed El Hajji , Tarek Ait Baha , Aicha Dakir , Hammou Fadili , Youssef Es-Saady

This paper proposes a general interpretable predictive system with shared information. The system is able to perform predictions in a multi-task setting where distinct tasks are not bound to have the same input/output structure. Embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Maciej Żelaszczyk , Jacek Mańdziuk