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We predict theoretically and demonstrate experimentally an ellipticity-dependent nonlinear magneto-optic rotation of elliptically-polarized light propagating in a coherent atomic medium. We show that this effect results from a hexadecapole…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. B. Matsko , I. Novikova , M. S. Zubairy , G. R. Welch

Magneto-optic behaviour is a specific, non-reciprocal example of gyrotropic behaviour. When coupled to photo-induced Faraday rotation it is possible to discriminate this effect from the background of other nonlinear effects Non-reciprocal…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Allan D. Boardman , Larry Velasco , Peter Egan

The theory of orbital magnetization is reconsidered by defining additional quantities that incorporate a non-Hermitian effect due to anomalous operators that break the domain of definition of the Hermitian Hamiltonian. As a result, boundary…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 K. Kyriakou , K. Moulopoulos

Nonlinear magneto-optics is a very sensitive fingerprint of the electronic, magnetic, and atomic structure of surfaces, interfaces, and thin ferromagnetic films. Analyzing theoretically the nonlinear magneto-optical Kerr effect for thin…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 U. Pustogowa , T. A. Luce , W. Hubner , K. H. Bennemann

Electrical control of the orbital degrees of freedom is an important area of research in the emerging field of "orbitronics." Orbital {\it gyrotropic} magneto-electric effect (OGME) is the generation of an orbital magnetization in a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Sayantika Bhowal , S. Satpathy

Recent gravitational wave observations and shadow imaging have demonstrated the astonishing consistency of the Kerr paradigm despite all the special symmetries assumed in deriving the Kerr metric. Hence, it is crucial to test the presence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-11 Rajes Ghosh , Kabir Chakravarti

We use symmetry analysis and first principles calculations to show that the linear magnetoelectric effect can originate from the response of orbital magnetic moments to the polar distortions induced by an applied electric field. Using…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-05-30 Andrea Scaramucci , Eric Bousquet , Michael Fechner , Maxim Mostovoy , Nicola A. Spaldin

Measurements of spin-orbit torques in a ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic multilayer are typically based on an assumption that the entire ferromagnetic layer uniformly responds to the spin-orbit torque. This assumption breaks down when the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-07-22 Ryan W. Greening , Xin Fan

We show that the orbital magneto-electric effect (OME) -- the generation of a steady-state orbital angular momentum density -- is partly the result of a nonequilibrium dipole moment generated via Zitterbewegung and proportional to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 James H. Cullen , Daniel P. Arovas , Roberto Raimondi , Dimitrie Culcer

We consider periodic adiabatic processes of gapped many-body spinless electrons. We find an additional contribution to the orbital magnetization due to the adiabatic time evolution, dubbed \textit{geometric} orbital magnetization, which can…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-12 Luka Trifunovic , Seishiro Ono , Haruki Watanabe

One of the effects of noncommutative coordinate operators is that the delta-function connected to the quantum mechanical amplitude between states sharp to the position operator gets smeared by a Gaussian distribution. Although this is not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-19 C. Angulo Santacruz , D. Batic , M. Nowakowski

The geometrical spin torque mediates an indirect interaction of magnetic moments, which are weakly exchange coupled to a system of itinerant electrons. It originates from a finite spin-Berry curvature and leads to a non-Hamiltonian…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-08-01 Nicolas Lenzing , David Krüger , Michael Potthoff

Effects manifesting quantum geometry have been a focus of physics research. Here, we reveal that quantum metric plays a crucial role in nonlinear electric spin response, leading to a quantum metric spin-orbit torque. We argue that enhanced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Xukun Feng , Weikang Wu , Hui Wang , Weibo Gao , Lay Kee Ang , Y. X. Zhao , Cong Xiao , Shengyuan A. Yang

Based on nonlinear optics, we develop a band theory to elucidate how light could manipulate magnetization, which is rooted by the quantum geometric structure and topological nature of electronic wavefunctions. Their existence are determined…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-03 Qianqian Xue , Yan Sun , Jian Zhou

Electrical readout of 180$^\circ$ switching in strictly compensated collinear antiferromagnets remains a major challenge in antiferromagnetic spintronics. Electrical writing of perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnets by out-of-plane orbital…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-06 Hui Wang , Huiying Liu , Yanfeng Ge , Xukun Feng , Jiaojiao Zhu , Jin Cao , Cong Xiao , Shengyuan A. Yang , Lay Kee Ang

Understanding of the intimate cross-coupling between electric and magnetic degrees of freedom in solids usually requires sophisticated models and time-consuming calculation methods. Instead of macroscopic symmetry analysis, we present a…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-02-02 Maocai Pi , Xifan Xu , Mingquan He , Yisheng Chai

Despite recent advances in orbitronics, generating out-of-plane orbital torques essential for field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization remains a key challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to produce such…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-14 Hui Wang , Xukun Feng , Jin Cao , Huiying Liu , Weibo Gao , Cong Xiao , Shengyuan A. Yang , Lay Kee Ang

We theoretically propose the emergence of nonlinear nonreciprocal conductivity in centrosymmetric paramagnetic systems when a spatially gradient magnetic field is externally applied. The key essence lies in the appearance of magnetic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-12-25 Taisei Yamanaka , Yoshihiko Ihara , Satoru Hayami

Supercurrent flow can induce a nonvanishing spin magnetization in noncentrosymmetric superconductors with spin-orbit interaction. Often known as the non-dissipative magnetoelectric effect, these are most commonly found at linear order in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-20 Jin-Xin Hu , Oles Matsyshyn , Justin C. W. Song

In superconductors that lack inversion symmetry, the flow of supercurrent can induce a non-vanishing magnetization, a phenomenon which is at the heart of non-dissipative magneto-electric effects, also known as Edelstein effects. For…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-28 Luca Chirolli , Maria Teresa Mercaldo , Claudio Guarcello , Francesco Giazotto , Mario Cuoco