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Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) aim to reconstruct private training data from models, leading to privacy leakage, particularly in facial recognition systems. Although many studies have enhanced the effectiveness of white-box MIAs, less…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Ziang Li , Hongguang Zhang , Juan Wang , Meihui Chen , Hongxin Hu , Wenzhe Yi , Xiaoyang Xu , Mengda Yang , Chenjun Ma

While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are the prevailing method for identifying training data, their application has expanded into privacy auditing and machine unlearning. Nevertheless, the field lacks a systematic framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ding Chen , Xinwen Cheng , Xuyang Zhong , Xinping Chen , Xiaolin Huang , Chen Liu

Machine learning (ML) models have been shown to be vulnerable to Membership Inference Attacks (MIA), which infer the membership of a given data point in the target dataset by observing the prediction output of the ML model. While the key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Shakila Mahjabin Tonni , Dinusha Vatsalan , Farhad Farokhi , Dali Kaafar , Zhigang Lu , Gioacchino Tangari

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with multimodal reasoning capabilities are high-value attack targets, given their potential for handling complex multimodal harmful tasks. Mainstream black-box jailbreak attacks on VLMs work by distributing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yu Yan , Sheng Sun , Shengjia Cheng , Teli Liu , Mingfeng Li , Min Liu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have showcased remarkable performance in image and natural language understanding, such as image captioning and response generation. As the practical applications of vision-language models become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Peng Xie , Yequan Bie , Jianda Mao , Yangqiu Song , Yang Wang , Hao Chen , Kani Chen

In membership inference attacks (MIAs), an adversary observes the predictions of a model to determine whether a sample is part of the model's training data. Existing MIA defenses conceal the presence of a target sample through strong…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Ismat Jarin , Birhanu Eshete

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a data sample was included in a machine learning (ML) model's training set and have become the de facto standard for measuring privacy leakages in ML. We propose an evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Najeeb Jebreel , David Sánchez , Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Machine learning models have been shown to leak sensitive information about their training datasets. Models are increasingly deployed on devices, raising concerns that white-box access to the model parameters increases the attack surface…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Ana-Maria Cretu , Daniel Jones , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye , Shruti Tople

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show remarkable capabilities, their safety alignments are susceptible to jailbreak attacks. Existing attack methods typically focus on text-image interplay, treating the visual modality as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuan Xiong , Ziqi Miao , Lijun Li , Chen Qian , Jie Li , Jing Shao

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a sample was part of a model's training set, posing serious privacy risks for modern machine-learning systems. Existing MIAs primarily rely on static indicators, such as loss or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Amit Kravchik Taub , Fred M. Grabovski , Guy Amit , Yisroel Mirsky

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) have emerged as a principled framework for auditing the privacy of synthetic data generated by tabular generative models, where many diverse methods have been proposed that each exploit different privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua Ward , Yuxuan Yang , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) comprise of both visual and textual modalities to process vision language tasks. However, MLLMs are vulnerable to security-related issues, such as jailbreak attacks that alter the model's input to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xingwei Zhong , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Large language models (LLMs) show strong performance across many applications, but their ability to memorize and potentially reveal training data raises serious privacy concerns. We introduce the PopQuiz Attack, a black-box membership…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zeyuan Chen , Yihan Ma , Xinyue Shen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Fine-tuned language models pose significant privacy risks, as they may memorize and expose sensitive information from their training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) provide a principled framework for auditing these risks, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Ilić , David Stanojević , Kostadin Cvejoski

In emerging multi-robot societies, heterogeneous agents must continually extract and integrate local knowledge from one another through communication, even when their internal models are completely opaque. Existing approaches to continual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Kenta Tsukahara , Kanji Tanaka , Daiki Iwata , Jonathan Tay Yu Liang

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on massive corpora that may contain sensitive information, creating privacy risks under membership inference attacks (MIAs). Knowledge distillation is widely used to compress LLMs into smaller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ziyao Cui , Minxing Zhang , Jian Pei

The vulnerability of machine learning models to Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) has garnered considerable attention in recent years. These attacks determine whether a data sample belongs to the model's training set or not. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yu He , Boheng Li , Yao Wang , Mengda Yang , Juan Wang , Hongxin Hu , Xingyu Zhao

The pervasive deployment of deep learning models across critical domains has concurrently intensified privacy concerns due to their inherent propensity for data memorization. While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) serve as the gold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chihan Huang , Huaijin Wang , Shuai Wang

Masked Diffusion Language Models MDLMs replace autoregressive generation with iterative demasking and their privacy properties are largely unstudied. We study membership inference attacks MIA on fine tuned MDLMs and show they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shailesh Kasivelrajan

Current adversarial attacks for evaluating the robustness of vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models in multi-modal tasks suffer from limited transferability, where attacks crafted for a specific model often struggle to generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Peng-Fei Zhang , Guangdong Bai , Zi Huang