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Novice programmers often face challenges in fault localization due to their limited experience and understanding of programming syntax and logic. Traditional methods like Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) and Mutation-Based Fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Hexiang Xu , Hengyuan Liu , Yonghao Wu , Xiaolan Kang , Xiang Chen , Yong Liu

The Linux kernel is a critical system, serving as the foundation for numerous systems. Bugs in the Linux kernel can cause serious consequences, affecting billions of users. Fault localization (FL), which aims at identifying the buggy code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhenhao Zhou , Zhuochen Huang , Yike He , Chong Wang , Jiajun Wang , Yijian Wu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

Software auditing is an increasingly critical task in the era of rapid code generation. While LLM-based auditors have demonstrated strong potential, their effectiveness remains limited by misalignment with the highly complex,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jinyao Guo , Chengpeng Wang , Dominic Deluca , Jinjie Liu , Zhuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

Developers often spend much effort and resources to debug a program. To help the developers debug, numerous information retrieval (IR)-based and spectrum-based bug localization techniques have been devised. IR-based techniques process…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Thong Hoang , Richard J. Oentaryo , Tien-Duy B. Le , David Lo

Fault Localization (FL) aims to identify root causes of program failures. FL typically targets failures observed from test executions, and as such, often involves dynamic analyses to improve accuracy, such as coverage profiling or mutation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sungmin Kang , Sumi Yun , Jingun Hong , Shin Yoo , Gabin An

Software failures remain a major challenge in modern software development, and identifying the code elements responsible for failures is a time-consuming debugging task. While extensive research has focused on fault localization in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Golnaz Gharachorlu , Mahsa Panahandeh , Lionel C. Briand , Ruifeng Gao , Ruiyuan Wan

With advances in large language models (LLMs), new opportunities have emerged to develop tools that support the digital hardware design process. In this work, we explore how LLMs can assist with explaining the root cause of design issues…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Siyu Qiu , Muzhi Wang , Raheel Afsharmazayejani , Mohammad Moradi Shahmiri , Benjamin Tan , Hammond Pearce

Software fault localization is one of the most expensive, tedious, and time-consuming activities in program debugging. This activity becomes even much more challenging in Software Product Line (SPL) systems due to the variability of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Kien-Tuan Ngo , Thu-Trang Nguyen , Son Nguyen , Hieu Dinh Vo

Testing-based fault localization has been a research focus in software engineering in the past decades. It localizes faulty program elements based on a set of passing and failing test executions. Since whether a fault could be triggered and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Yiqian Wu , Yujie Liu , Yi Yin , Muhan Zeng , Zhentao Ye , Xin Zhang , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

Bug localization is a crucial aspect of software maintenance, running through the entire software lifecycle. Information retrieval-based bug localization (IRBL) identifies buggy code based on bug reports, expediting the bug resolution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Feifei Niu , Chuanyi Li , Kui Liu , Xin Xia , David Lo

Identifying the point of error is imperative in software debugging. Traditional fault localization (FL) techniques rely on executing the program and using the code coverage matrix in tandem with test case results to calculate a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Suhwan Ji , Sanghwa Lee , Changsup Lee , Hyeonseung Im , Yo-Sub Han

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in non-generative software maintenance tasks, such as fault localization (FL). Success in FL depends on a models ability to reason about program semantics beyond surface-level…

Fault localization is one of the most time-consuming and error-prone parts of software debugging. There are several tools for helping developers in the fault localization process, however, they mostly target programs written in Java and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Qusay Idrees Sarhan , Attila Szatmari , Rajmond Toth , Arpad Beszedes

Bug triaging, the task of assigning new issues to developers, is often slow and inconsistent in large projects. We present a lightweight framework that instruction-tuned large language model (LLM) with LoRA adapters and uses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Kiana Kiashemshaki , Arsham Khosravani , Alireza Hosseinpour , Arshia Akhavan

Fault localization (FL) is a critical but time-consuming task in software debugging, aiming to identify faulty code elements. While recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for FL, they often struggle with complex…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Xinyu Shi , Zhenhao Li , An Ran Chen

Software bugs require developers to exert significant effort to identify and resolve them, often consuming about one-third of their time. Bug localization, the process of pinpointing the exact source code files that need modification, is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Partha Chakraborty , Mahmoud Alfadel , Meiyappan Nagappan

Large language models (LLMs) are leading significant progress in code generation. Beyond one-pass code generation, recent works further integrate unit tests and program verifiers into LLMs to iteratively refine the generated programs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Li Zhong , Zilong Wang , Jingbo Shang

Bug localization refers to the identification of source code files which is in a programming language and also responsible for the unexpected behavior of software using the bug report, which is a natural language. As bug localization is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Partha Chakraborty , Venkatraman Arumugam , Meiyappan Nagappan

The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) defines processor operations and serves as the interface between hardware and software. As an open ISA, RISC-V lowers the barriers to processor design and encourages widespread adoption, but also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hao Lyu , Jingzheng Wu , Xiang Ling , Yicheng Zhong , Zhiyuan Li , Tianyue Luo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code-related tasks, particularly in automated program repair. However, the effectiveness of such repairs is highly dependent on the performance of upstream fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 YingJian Xiao , RongQun Hu , WeiWei Gong , HongWei Li , AnQuan Jie