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Impact craters are formed as a result of continuous impacts on the surface of planetary bodies. This paper proposes a novel way of simultaneously utilizing optical images, digital elevation maps (DEMs), and slope maps for automatic crater…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-17 Atal Tewari , Vinay Verma , Pradeep Srivastava , Vikrant Jain , Nitin Khanna

It is often necessary to identify a pattern of observed craters in a single image of the lunar surface and without any prior knowledge of the camera's location. This so-called "lost-in-space" crater identification problem is common in both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-05 John A. Christian , Harm Derksen , Ryan Watkins

Crater counting on the Moon and other bodies is crucial to constrain the dynamical history of the Solar System. This has traditionally been done by visual inspection of images, thus limiting the scope, efficiency, and/or accuracy of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-13 Ari Silburt , Mohamad Ali-Dib , Chenchong Zhu , Alan Jackson , Diana Valencia , Yevgeni Kissin , Daniel Tamayo , Kristen Menou

Craters are amongst the most important morphological features in planetary exploration. To that extent, detecting, mapping and counting craters is a mainstream process in planetary science, done primarily manually, which is a very laborious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Iraklis Giannakis , Anshuman Bhardwaj , Lydia Sam , Georgios Leontidis

Craters are one of the most studied planetary features used for different scientific analyses, such as estimation of surface age and surface processes. Satellite images utilized for crater detection often have low resolution (LR) due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Atal Tewari , Nitin Khanna

Impact crater cataloging is an important tool in the study of the geological history of planetary bodies in the Solar System, including dating of surface features and geologic mapping of surface processes. Catalogs of impact craters have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-18 Christopher Lee

In order to make a pinpoint landing on the Moon, the spacecraft's navigation system must be accurate. To achieve the desired accuracy, navigational drift caused by the inertial sensors must be corrected. One way to correct this drift is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Atakan Süslü , Betül Rana Kuran , Halil Ersin Söken

Crater ellipticity determination is a complex and time consuming task that so far has evaded successful automation. We train a state of the art computer vision algorithm to identify craters in Lunar digital elevation maps and retrieve their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Mohamad Ali-Dib , Kristen Menou , Alan P. Jackson , Chenchong Zhu , Noah Hammond

Because of the communication delay between earth and moon, the GNC technology of lunar probe is becoming more important than ever. Current navigation technology is not able to provide precise motion estimation for probe landing control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2008-04-25 Ding Meng , Cao Yun-feng , Wu Qing-xian , Zhang Zhen

The Lunar landing has drawn great interest in lunar exploration in recent years, and autonomous lunar landing navigation is fundamental to this task. AI is expected to play a critical role in autonomous and intelligent space missions, yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Jianing Song , Nabil Aouf , Duarte Rondao , Christophe Honvault , Luis Mansilla

The European Space Agency (ESA), driven by its ambitions on planned lunar missions with the Argonaut lander, has a profound interest in reliable crater detection, since craters pose a risk to safe lunar landings. This task is usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Patrick Bauer , Marius Schwinning , Florian Renk , Andreas Weinmann , Hichem Snoussi

Craters are among the most studied geomorphic features in the Solar System because they yield important information about the past and present geological processes and provide information about the relative ages of observed geologic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Joseph Paul Cohen , Henry Z. Lo , Tingting Lu , Wei Ding

Terrain relative navigation can improve the precision of a spacecraft's position estimate by detecting global features that act as supplementary measurements to correct for drift in the inertial navigation system. This paper presents a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Lena M. Downes , Ted J. Steiner , Jonathan P. How

Synthetic image generation is one of the crucial input for planetary missions. It enables researchers and engineers to visualize planned planetary missions, test imaging systems and plan exploration activities in a virtual environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jai G Singla , Hinal B Patel , Nitant Dube

Crater cataloging is an important yet time-consuming part of geological mapping. We present an automated Crater Detection Algorithm (CDA) that is competitive with expert-human researchers and hundreds of times faster. The CDA uses multiple…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-19 Christopher Lee , James Hogan

Onboard localization capabilities for planetary rovers to date have used relative navigation, by integrating combinations of wheel odometry, visual odometry, and inertial measurements during each drive to track position relative to the…

This paper shows the application of autonomous Crater Detection using the U-Net, a Fully-Convolutional Neural Network, on Ceres. The U-Net is trained on optical images of the Moon Global Morphology Mosaic based on data collected by the LRO…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Francesco Latorre , Dario Spiller , Fabio Curti

Establishing lunar infrastructure is paramount to long-term habitation on the Moon. To meet the demand for future lunar infrastructure development, we present CraterGrader, a novel system for autonomous robotic earthmoving tasks within…

Planetary atmospheres are inherently 3D objects that can have strong gradients in latitude, longitude, and altitude. Secondary eclipse mapping is a powerful way to map the 3D distribution of the atmosphere, but the data can have large…

To address the need for robust positioning, navigation, and timing services in lunar environments, this paper proposes a novel fault detection framework for satellite constellations using inter-satellite ranging (ISR). Traditionally,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Keidai Iiyama , Daniel Neamati , Grace Gao
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