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Existing white-box jailbreak attacks against aligned LLMs typically append discrete adversarial suffixes to the user prompt, which visibly alters the prompt and operates in a combinatorial token space. Prior work has avoided directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung , Boyang Li , Radin Hamidi Rad , Ebrahim Bagheri

We propose and study a new privacy definition, termed Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) Privacy. PAC Privacy characterizes the information-theoretic hardness to recover sensitive data given arbitrary information disclosure/leakage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Hanshen Xiao , Srinivas Devadas

We study mean estimation for Gaussian distributions under \textit{personalized differential privacy} (PDP), where each record has its own privacy budget. PDP is commonly considered in two variants: \textit{bounded} and \textit{unbounded}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Wei Dong , Li Ge

Spontaneous reporting systems (SRS) have been developed to collect adverse event records that contain personal demographics and sensitive information like drug indications and adverse reactions. The release of SRS data may disclose the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yi-Yuang Wu , Zhi-Xun Shen , Wen-Yang Lin

As IoT ecosystems continue to expand across critical sectors, they have become prominent targets for increasingly sophisticated and large-scale malware attacks. The evolving threat landscape, combined with the sensitive nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Rami Darwish , Mahmoud Abdelsalam , Sajad Khorsandroo , Kaushik Roy

The generation of privacy-preserving synthetic datasets is a promising avenue for overcoming data scarcity in medical AI research. Post-hoc privacy filtering techniques, designed to remove samples containing personally identifiable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Adil Koeken , Alexander Ziller , Moritz Knolle , Daniel Rueckert

Federated learning (FL) aims to protect data privacy by cooperatively learning a model without sharing private data among users. For Federated Learning of Deep Neural Network with billions of model parameters, existing privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Hanlin Gu , Lixin Fan , Bowen Li , Yan Kang , Yuan Yao , Qiang Yang

With the widespread adoption of cloud computing, the need for outsourcing statistical analysis to third-party platforms is growing rapidly. However, handling sensitive data such as medical records and financial information in cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hyunmin Choi

A privacy-preserving adversarial network (PPAN) was recently proposed as an information-theoretical framework to address the issue of privacy in data sharing. The main idea of this model was using mutual information as the privacy measure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-02 Mohammadhadi Shateri , Fabrice Labeau

The large-scale adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) forces a trade-off between operational cost (OpEx) and data privacy. Current routing frameworks reduce costs but ignore prompt sensitivity, exposing users and institutions to leakage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Alessio Langiu

We introduce a lightweight yet highly effective safety guardrail framework for language models, demonstrating that small-scale language models can achieve, and even surpass, the performance of larger counterparts in content moderation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Aleksei Ilin , Gor Matevosyan , Xueying Ma , Vladimir Eremin , Suhaa Dada , Muqun Li , Riyaaz Shaik , Haluk Noyan Tokgozoglu

Privacy policies are often obfuscated by their complexity, which impedes transparency and informed consent. Conventional machine learning approaches for automatically analyzing these policies demand significant resources and substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Arda Goknil , Femke B. Gelderblom , Simeon Tverdal , Shukun Tokas , Hui Song

The widespread availability of large-scale code datasets has fueled the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) for code-related tasks. These datasets may include sensitive personally identifiable information (PII), which can lead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yifei Ge , Zhenpeng Chen , Weisong Sun , Yuchen Chen , Chunrong Fang , Juan Zhai , Xiaofang Zhang , Xia Feng , Yang Liu , Zhenyu Chen

We propose a novel theoretical and methodological framework for Gaussian process regression subject to privacy constraints. The proposed method can be used when a data owner is unwilling to share a high-fidelity supervised learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rui Tuo , Haoyuan Chen , Raktim Bhattacharya

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised significant privacy concerns regarding the exposure of personally identifiable information (PII) in user prompts. To address this challenge, we propose a query-unrelated PII…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Hao Shen , Zhouhong Gu , Haokai Hong , Weili Han

User profiling is a critical component of adaptive risk-based authentication, yet it raises significant privacy concerns, particularly when handling sensitive data. Profiling involves collecting and aggregating various user features,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yaser Baseri , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Dimitrios Makrakis

Privacy-preserving synthetic data offers a promising solution to harness segregated data in high-stakes domains where information is compartmentalized for regulatory, privacy, or institutional reasons. This survey provides a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Viktor Schlegel , Anil A Bharath , Zilong Zhao , Kevin Yee

A core challenge for autonomous LLM agents in collaborative settings is balancing robust privacy understanding and preservation alongside task efficacy. Existing privacy benchmarks only focus on simplistic, single-turn interactions where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Gurusha Juneja , Jayanth Naga Sai Pasupulati , Alon Albalak , Wenyue Hua , William Yang Wang

The performance of modern machine learning systems depends on access to large, high-quality datasets, often sourced from user-generated content or proprietary, domain-specific corpora. However, these rich datasets inherently contain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhan Shi , Yefeng Yuan , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cheng , Yi Fang

High-quality labeled datasets are fundamental for training and evaluating machine learning models, yet domains such as healthcare and Requirements Engineering (RE) face persistent barriers due to data scarcity, privacy constraints, or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Abdelkarim El-Hajjami , Camille Salinesi
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