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The fluid antenna system (FAS) concept is an emerging paradigm that promotes the utilization of the feature of shape and position reconfigurability in antennas to broaden the design of wireless communication systems. This also means that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Xusheng Zhu , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Han Xiao , Hanjiang Hong , Hyundong Shin , Yangyang Zhang

This letter investigates a fluid antenna system (FAS) where multiple ports can be activated for signal combining for enhanced receiver performance. Given $M$ ports at the FAS, the best $K$ ports out of the $M$ available ports are selected…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Xiazhi Lai , Tuo Wu , Junteng Yao , Cunhua Pan , Maged Elkashlan , Kai-Kit Wong

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have emerged as a revolutionary technology offering enhanced spatial diversity within a compact form factor. Concurrently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are integral to future networks, necessitating channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Xusheng Zhu , Kai-Kit Wong , Qingqing Wu , Hyundong Shin , Yangyang Zhang

The performance of linear receivers in the presence of co-channel interference in Rayleigh channels is a fundamental problem in wireless communications. Performance evaluation for these systems is well-known for receive arrays where the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Dushyantha A. Basnayaka , Peter J. Smith , Philippa A. Martin

Fluid antenna (FA) technology has emerged as a promising approach in wireless communications due to its capability of providing increased degrees of freedom (DoFs) and exceptional design flexibility. This paper addresses the challenge of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 He Xu , Tuo Wu , Ye Tian , Kangda Zhi , Wei Liu , Baiyang Liu , Hing Cheung So , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kai-Kit Wong

Fluid antenna (FA) systems offer novel spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs) with the potential for significant performance gains. Compared to existing works focusing solely on optimizing FA positions at discrete time instants, we introduce the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Shuaixin Yang , Yijia Li , Yue Xiao , Yong Liang Guan , Kai-Kit Wong , Hyundong Shin , Chau Yuen

In this paper, we analyze both the rate of convergence and the performance of a matched-filter (MF) precoder in a massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system, with the aim of determining the impact of distributing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Peter J. Smith , Callum T. Neil , Mansoor Shafi , Pawel A. Dmochowski

In this letter, we study the energy efficiency maximization problem for a fluid antenna system (FAS) in near field communications. Specifically, we consider a point-to-point near-field system where the base station (BS) transmitter has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Yixuan Chen , Mingzhe Chen , Hao Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Kai-Kit Wong , Zhaoyang Zhang

When the concept of fluid antenna system (FAS) is applied to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, this gives rise to MIMO-FAS, a.k.a.~fluid MIMO. Under rich scattering, the spatial correlation matrices are governed by the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Tuo Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Hyundong Shin

Fluid antenna is a novel technology that can make an antenna appear instantly at one of N preset locations in a predefined space. An important application is to adopt fluid antenna in a small space of mobile device for obtaining the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Kai-Kit Wong , Kin-Fai Tong

In this paper, we investigate a fluid antenna relay (FAR)-assisted communication system with hybrid relaying scheme selection. By leveraging statistical channel state information (CSI) and distribution characteristics of fluid antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Ruopeng Xu , Songling Zhang , Zhaohui Yang , Mingzhe Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong

Massive connectivity with ultra-low latency and high reliability necessitates fundamental advances in future communication networks operating under finite-blocklength (FBL) transmission. Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have emerged as a…

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for achieving spatially reconfigurable, compact, and energy-efficient wireless communications in beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) networks. By…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Saeid Pakravan , Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Ming Zeng , Wessam Ajib , Ji Wang , Xingwang Li

In this paper, we analyze the role of fluid antenna systems (FAS) in multi-user systems with hardware impairments (HIs). Specifically, we investigate a scenario where a base station (BS) equipped with multiple fluid antennas communicates…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-23 Junteng Yao , Tuo Wu , Liaoshi Zhou , Ming Jin , Cunhua Pan , Maged Elkashlan , Fumiyuki Adachi , George K. Karagiannidis , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Chau Yuen

Second order statistics provides a dynamic representation of a fading channel and plays an important role in the evaluation and design of the wireless communication systems. In this paper, we present a novel analytical framework for the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-08-26 Zoran Hadzi-Velkov , Nikola Zlatanov , George K. Karagiannidis

With fluid antenna system (FAS) gradually establishing itself as a possible enabling technology for next generation wireless communications, channel estimation for FAS has become a pressing issue. Existing methodologies however face…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Zhen Chen , Jianqing Li , Xiu Yin Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Yangyang Zhang

The fluid antenna system (FAS) has emerged as a new physical-layer concept to provide enhanced propagation conditions for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications over conventional fixed arrays. This work focuses on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-16 Wenxuan Sun , Mingjie Shao , Luteng Zhu , Yao Ge , Tong Zhang , Zhi Liu

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) are among the most promising technologies for the sixth generation (6G) mobile communication networks. Unlike traditional fixed-position multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, a FAS possesses position…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jiangsheng Huangfu , Zhengyu Song , Tianwei Hou , Anna Li , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan , Kai-Kit Wong

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) achieve spatial diversity by dynamically switching among $N$ densely packed ports, but the resulting spatially correlated Rayleigh channels render exact outage analysis intractable. Existing block-correlation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Tuo Wu

Fluid antenna enables position reconfigurability that gives transceiver access to a high-resolution spatial signal and the ability to avoid interference through the ups and downs of fading channels. Previous studies investigated this fluid…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-30 Tianyu Han , Yongxu Zhu , Kai-Kit Wong , Gan Zheng , Hyundong Shin