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Multimodal representation learning harmonizes distinct modalities by aligning them into a unified latent space. Recent research generalizes traditional cross-modal alignment to produce enhanced multimodal synergy but requires all modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Jiaheng Wei , Shuo Yang , Xiu Su , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

As medical diagnoses increasingly leverage multimodal data, machine learning models are expected to effectively fuse heterogeneous information while remaining robust to missing modalities. In this work, we propose a novel multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yi Gu , Kuniaki Saito , Jiaxin Ma

There are threefold challenges in emotion recognition. First, it is difficult to recognize human's emotional states only considering a single modality. Second, it is expensive to manually annotate the emotional data. Third, emotional data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-08 Changde Du , Changying Du , Hao Wang , Jinpeng Li , Wei-Long Zheng , Bao-Liang Lu , Huiguang He

Emotion recognition is involved in several real-world applications. With an increase in available modalities, automatic understanding of emotions is being performed more accurately. The success in Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Riccardo Franceschini , Enrico Fini , Cigdem Beyan , Alessandro Conti , Federica Arrigoni , Elisa Ricci

Multimodal machine learning with missing modalities is an increasingly relevant challenge arising in various applications such as healthcare. This paper extends the current research into missing modalities to the low-data regime, i.e., a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Zhuo Zhi , Ziquan Liu , Moe Elbadawi , Adam Daneshmend , Mine Orlu , Abdul Basit , Andreas Demosthenous , Miguel Rodrigues

Despite the recent achievements made in the multi-modal emotion recognition task, two problems still exist and have not been well investigated: 1) the relationship between different emotion categories are not utilized, which leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Wenliang Dai , Zihan Liu , Tiezheng Yu , Pascale Fung

Recent advancements in Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) face challenges in addressing both modality missing and Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) data simultaneously. Existing methods often rely on specific models or introduce excessive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Guowei Zhong , Ruohong Huan , Mingzhen Wu , Ronghua Liang , Peng Chen

Multimodal data collected from the real world are often imperfect due to missing modalities. Therefore multimodal models that are robust against modal-incomplete data are highly preferred. Recently, Transformer models have shown great…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Mengmeng Ma , Jian Ren , Long Zhao , Davide Testuggine , Xi Peng

Multimodal recommendation focuses primarily on effectively exploiting both behavioral and multimodal information for the recommendation task. However, most existing models suffer from the following issues when fusing information from two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Kangning Zhang , Yingjie Qin , Jiarui Jin , Yifan Liu , Ruilong Su , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Multimodal sentiment analysis has attracted increasing attention and lots of models have been proposed. However, the performance of the state-of-the-art models decreases sharply when they are deployed in the real world. We find that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Yang Wu , Yanyan Zhao , Hao Yang , Song Chen , Bing Qin , Xiaohuan Cao , Wenting Zhao

Multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) integrates various modalities, such as text, image, and audio, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of sentiment. However, effective MSA is challenged by alignment and fusion issues. Alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yuhua Wen , Qifei Li , Yingying Zhou , Yingming Gao , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Ya Li

Multimodal recommendation faces an issue of the performance degradation that the uni-modal recommendation sometimes achieves the better performance. A possible reason is that the unreliable item modality data hurts the fusion result.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xue Dong , Xuemeng Song , Na Zheng , Sicheng Zhao , Guiguang Ding

Multimodal learning leverages complementary information derived from different modalities, thereby enhancing performance in medical image segmentation. However, prevailing multimodal learning methods heavily rely on extensive well-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Xiaogen Zhou , Yiyou Sun , Min Deng , Winnie Chiu Wing Chu , Qi Dou

Multimodal Machine Learning has emerged as a prominent research direction across various applications such as Sentiment Analysis, Emotion Recognition, Machine Translation, Hate Speech Recognition, and Movie Genre Classification. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Abdelhamid Haouhat , Slimane Bellaouar , Attia Nehar , Hadda Cherroun

The multimodal relevance metric is usually borrowed from the embedding ability of pretrained contrastive learning models for bimodal data, which is used to evaluate the correlation between cross-modal data (e.g., CLIP). However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zhicheng Du , Qingyang Shi , Jiasheng Lu , Yingshan Liang , Xinyu Zhang , Yiran Wang , Peiwu Qin

Multimodal learning is susceptible to modality missing, which poses a major obstacle for its practical applications and, thus, invigorates increasing research interest. In this paper, we investigate two challenging problems: 1) when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jun Sun , Xinxin Zhang , Shoukang Han , Yu-ping Ruan , Taihao Li

In the last decade, video blogs (vlogs) have become an extremely popular method through which people express sentiment. The ubiquitousness of these videos has increased the importance of multimodal fusion models, which incorporate video and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Nathaniel Blanchard , Daniel Moreira , Aparna Bharati , Walter J. Scheirer

Large-scale multimodal models have shown excellent performance over a series of tasks powered by the large corpus of paired multimodal training data. Generally, they are always assumed to receive modality-complete inputs. However, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Lianyu Hu , Tongkai Shi , Wei Feng , Fanhua Shang , Liang Wan

Multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) leverages information fusion from diverse modalities (e.g., text, audio, visual) to enhance sentiment prediction. However, simple fusion techniques often fail to account for variations in modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Han Wu , Yanming Sun , Yunhe Yang , Derek F. Wong

Multimodal learning seeks to combine data from multiple input sources to enhance the performance of different downstream tasks. In real-world scenarios, performance can degrade substantially if some input modalities are missing. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Niki Nezakati , Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Mashhour Solh , M. Salman Asif