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Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has primarily been studied in limited settings, such as factoid question answering; more challenging, reasoning-intensive benchmarks have seen limited success from minimal RAG. In this work, we challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xinxi Lyu , Michael Duan , Rulin Shao , Pang Wei Koh , Sewon Min

The rapid proliferation of large language model (LLM)-based agentic systems raises critical concerns regarding digital sovereignty, environmental sustainability, regulatory compliance, and ethical alignment. Whilst existing frameworks…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Modern large-scale ranking systems operate within a sophisticated landscape of competing objectives, operational constraints, and evolving product requirements. Progress in this domain is increasingly bottlenecked by the engineering context…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Longfei Yun , Yihan Wu , Haoran Liu , Xiaoxuan Liu , Ziyun Xu , Yi Wang , Yang Xia , Pengfei Wang , Mingze Gao , Yunxiang Wang , Changfan Chen , Wenjie Fu , Hong Yan , Junfeng Pan

Despite the integration of search tools, Deep Search Agents often suffer from a misalignment between reasoning-driven queries and the underlying web indexing structures. Existing frameworks treat the search engine as a static utility,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zixuan Yu , Zhenheng Tang , Tongliang Liu , Chengqi Zhang , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Han

Recent agentic search systems have made substantial progress by emphasising deep, multi-step reasoning. However, this focus often overlooks the challenges of wide-scale information synthesis, where agents must aggregate large volumes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ka Yiu Lee , Yuxuan Huang , Zhiyuan He , Huichi Zhou , Weilin Luo , Kun Shao , Meng Fang , Jun Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems require corpora that are both structurally clean and semantically coherent. BRIGHT is a recent and influential benchmark designed to evaluate complex multi-hop retrieval across diverse,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Liyang Chen , Yujun Cai , Jieqiong Dong , Yiwei Wang

We present ScienceClaw + Infinite, a framework for autonomous scientific investigation in which independent agents conduct research without central coordination, and any contributor can deploy new agents into a shared ecosystem. The system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fiona Y. Wang , Lee Marom , Subhadeep Pal , Rachel K. Luu , Wei Lu , Jaime A. Berkovich , Markus J. Buehler

Conventional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) but often fall short on complex queries, delivering limited, extractive answers and struggling with multiple targeted retrievals or navigating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jean Lelong , Adnane Errazine , Annabelle Blangero

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have enabled agentic search systems that interleave multi-step reasoning with external tool use. However, existing frameworks largely rely on unstructured…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Shuting Wang , Qiaolin Xia , Vich Wang , Herberttli , Bobsimons , Zhicheng Dou

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robust agents presents significant challenges: substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Qianqian Zhang , Jiajia Liao , Heting Ying , Yibo Ma , Haozhan Shen , Jingcheng Li , Peng Liu , Lu Zhang , Chunxin Fang , Kyusong Lee , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

We introduce ARGOS, the first benchmark and framework that reformulates multi-camera person search as an interactive reasoning problem requiring an agent to plan, question, and eliminate candidates under information asymmetry. An ARGOS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Myungchul Kim , Kwanyong Park , Junmo Kim , In So Kweon

Existing multimodal retrieval systems excel at semantic matching but implicitly assume that query-image relevance can be measured in isolation. This paradigm overlooks the rich dependencies inherent in realistic visual streams, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chenlong Deng , Mengjie Deng , Junjie Wu , Dun Zeng , Teng Wang , Qingsong Xie , Jiadeng Huang , Shengjie Ma , Changwang Zhang , Zhaoxiang Wang , Jun Wang , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

This report describes ARIS (Auto-Research-in-sleep), an open-source research harness for autonomous research, including its architecture, assurance mechanisms, and early deployment experience. The performance of agent systems built on LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ruofeng Yang , Yongcan Li , Shuai Li

Multi-agent systems (MAS) increasingly solve complex tasks by orchestrating agents and tools selected from rapidly growing marketplaces. As these marketplaces expand, many candidates become functionally overlapping, making selection not…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xinyuan Song , Liang Zhao

Multi-step agentic retrieval systems based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in complex information search tasks. However, these systems still face significant challenges in practical applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chuzhan Hao , Wenfeng Feng , Yuewei Zhang , Hao Wang

Answering complex, real-world queries often requires synthesizing facts scattered across vast document corpora. In these settings, standard retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines suffer from incomplete evidence coverage, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yagiz Can Akay , Muhammed Yusuf Kartal , Esra Alparslan , Faruk Ortakoyluoglu , Arda Akpinar

We study predictive multilingual evaluation: estimating how well a model will perform on a task in a target language when direct benchmark results are missing. This problem is common in multilingual deployment, where evaluation coverage is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Avni Mittal , Shanu Kumar , Sandipan Dandapat , Monojit Choudhury

Agentic discovery has shown that LLM-driven search can find novel algorithms, designs, and code under benchmark conditions. Translating the paradigm to multi-system data backends surfaces a harder problem: the search space is heterogeneous,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Shanshan Ye , Duo Lu

Standard Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is poorly matched to agent memory. Unlike large heterogeneous corpora, agent memory forms a bounded and coherent interaction stream in which many spans are highly correlated or near duplicates.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhanghao Hu , Qinglin Zhu , Runcong Zhao , Di Liang , Hanqi Yan , Yulan He , Lin Gui