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We modify the standard model of price competition with horizontally differentiated products, imperfect information, and search frictions by allowing consumers to flexibly acquire information about a product's match value during their…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-04-28 Vasudha Jain , Mark Whitmeyer

We study competition between firms that contract with consumers before the consumers fully learn their product preferences. In a Hotelling duopoly, firms screen consumers by offering menus of option contracts. We characterize the unique…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-30 Ian Ball , Deniz Kattwinkel , Jan Knoepfle

Advances in computational optimization allow for the organization of large combinatorial markets. We aim for allocations and competitive equilibrium prices, i.e. outcomes that are in the core. The research is motivated by the design of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Martin Bichler , Stefan Waldherr

Consider sellers in a competitive market that use algorithms to adapt their prices from data that they collect. In such a context it is plausible that algorithms could arrive at prices that are higher than the competitive prices and this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Jason D. Hartline , Sheng Long , Chenhao Zhang

Algorithmic agents are used in a variety of competitive decision-making settings, including pricing contexts that range from online retail to residential home rental. We study the emergence of algorithmic collusion when competing agents…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-10 Connor Douglas , Foster Provost , Arun Sundararajan

According to the fundamental theorems of welfare economics, any competitive equilibrium is Pareto efficient. Unfortunately, competitive equilibrium prices only exist under strong assumptions such as perfectly divisible goods and convex…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Mete Şeref Ahunbay , Martin Bichler , Johannes Knörr

We develop a market model in which products generate state-dependent potential hidden charges. Firms differ in their ability to realize this potential. Unlike firms, consumers do not observe the state. They try to infer hidden charges from…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-24 Yair Antler ad Ran Spiegler

In this paper, we consider microgrids that interconnect prosumers with distributed energy resources and dynamic loads. Prosumers are connected through the microgrid to trade energy and gain profit while respecting the network constraints.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Zeinab Salehi , Yijun Chen , Ian R. Petersen , Elizabeth L. Ratnam , Guodong Shi

We study a game with \emph{strategic} vendors who own multiple items and a single buyer with a submodular valuation function. The goal of the vendors is to maximize their revenue via pricing of the items, given that the buyer will buy the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Omer Lev , Joel Oren , Craig Boutilier , Jeffery S. Rosenschein

The prospect of collusive agreements being stabilized via the use of pricing algorithms is widely discussed by antitrust experts and economists. However, the literature is often lacking the perspective of computer scientists, and seems to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Florian E. Dorner

We study the price competition in a duopoly with an arbitrary number of buyers. Each seller can offer multiple units of a commodity depending on the availability of the commodity which is random and may be different for different sellers.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Mohammad Hassan Lotfi , Saswati Sarkar

We study the pay-as-bid auction game, a supply function model with discriminatory pricing and asymmetric firms. In this game, strategies are non-decreasing supply functions relating pric to quantity and the exact choice of the strategy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Martina Vanelli , Giacomo Como , Fabio Fagnani

Building a machine learning (ML) pipeline in an automated way is a crucial and complex task as it is constrained with the available time budget and resources. This encouraged the research community to introduce several solutions to utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Hassan Eldeeb , Abdelrhman Eldallal

We study the propensity of independent algorithms to collude in repeated Cournot duopoly games. Specifically, we investigate the predictive power of different oligopoly and bargaining solutions regarding the effect of asymmetry between…

General Economics · Economics 2025-01-14 Simon Martin , Hans-Theo Normann , Paul Püplichhuisen , Tobias Werner

Pricing decisions are often made when market information is still poor. In turn, existing theoretical models often reason about the response of optimal prices to changing market characteristics without exploiting all available information…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-19 Stefanos Leonardos , Costis Melolidakis , Constandina Koki

We study a market mechanism that sets edge prices to incentivize strategic agents to efficiently share limited network capacity. In this market, agents form coalitions, with each coalition sharing a unit capacity of a selected route and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Saurabh Amin , Patrick Jaillet , Haripriya Pulyassary , Manxi Wu

The design of energy markets is a subject of ongoing debate, particularly concerning the choice between the widely adopted Pay-as-Clear (PC) pricing mechanism and the alternative Pay-as-Bid (PB). These mechanisms determine how energy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Ioannis Caragiannis , Zhile Jiang , Stratis Skoulakis

We consider price competition among multiple sellers over a selling horizon of $T$ periods. In each period, sellers simultaneously offer their prices (which are made public) and subsequently observe their respective demand (not made…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Daniele Bracale , Moulinath Banerjee , Cong Shi , Yuekai Sun

Most online platforms strive to learn from interactions with users, and many engage in exploration: making potentially suboptimal choices for the sake of acquiring new information. We study the interplay between exploration and competition:…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Guy Aridor , Yishay Mansour , Aleksandrs Slivkins , Zhiwei Steven Wu

We consider a simple model of rational agents competing in a single product market described by simple linear demand curve. Contrary to accepted economic theory, the agents' production levels synchronise in the absence of conscious…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2008-12-02 Russell K. Standish , Steve Keen