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In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of combining fine-tuning and backtranslation on a small Japanese corpus for neural machine translation. Starting from a baseline English{\textrightarrow}Japanese model (COMET = 0.460), we first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Felipe Fujita , Hideyuki Takada

End-to-end In-Image Machine Translation (IIMT) aims to convert text embedded within an image into a target language while preserving the original visual context, layout, and rendering style. However, existing IIMT benchmarks are largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Jiahao Lyu , Pei Fu , Zhenhang Li , Weichao Zeng , Shaojie Zhang , Jiahui Yang , Can Ma , Yu Zhou , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan

Existing document-level neural machine translation (NMT) models have sufficiently explored different context settings to provide guidance for target generation. However, little attention is paid to inaugurate more diverse context for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Xu Zhang , Jian Yang , Haoyang Huang , Shuming Ma , Dongdong Zhang , Jinlong Li , Furu Wei

Translating in real-time, a.k.a. simultaneous translation, outputs translation words before the input sentence ends, which is a challenging problem for conventional machine translation methods. We propose a neural machine translation (NMT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Jiatao Gu , Graham Neubig , Kyunghyun Cho , Victor O. K. Li

Multimodal Machine Translation (MMT) aims to improve translation quality by leveraging auxiliary modalities such as images alongside textual input. While recent advances in large-scale pre-trained language and vision models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Zhuang Yu , Shiliang Sun , Jing Zhao , Tengfei Song , Hao Yang

The evolution of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has been significantly influenced by six core challenges (Koehn and Knowles, 2017), which have acted as benchmarks for progress in this field. This study revisits these challenges, offering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Jianhui Pang , Fanghua Ye , Longyue Wang , Dian Yu , Derek F. Wong , Shuming Shi , Zhaopeng Tu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable success in enhancing translation performance by integrating multimodal information. However, existing research primarily focuses on image-guided methods, whose applicability is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yexing Du , Youcheng Pan , Zekun Wang , Zheng Chu , Yichong Huang , Kaiyuan Liu , Bo Yang , Yang Xiang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

Most vision-and-language pretraining research focuses on English tasks. However, the creation of multilingual multimodal evaluation datasets (e.g. Multi30K, xGQA, XVNLI, and MaRVL) poses a new challenge in finding high-quality training data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Chen Qiu , Dan Oneata , Emanuele Bugliarello , Stella Frank , Desmond Elliott

In recent years, machine translation software has increasingly been integrated into our daily lives. People routinely use machine translation for various applications, such as describing symptoms to a foreign doctor and reading political…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Pinjia He , Clara Meister , Zhendong Su

Text Image Machine Translation (TIMT) aims to translate texts embedded within an image into another language. Current TIMT studies primarily focus on providing translations for all the text within an image, while neglecting to provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wanru Zhuang , Wenbo Li , Zhibin Lan , Xu Han , Peng Li , Jinsong Su

Modern translation workflows demand more than semantic equivalence. Users routinely require models to preserve JSON or HTML schemas, honor curated glossaries, disambiguate with provided context, and match prescribed registers, often several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Mingrui Sun , Mao Zheng , Zheng Li , Mingyang Song

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) is a promising direction to improve the translation quality by making use of the additional context, e.g., document-level translation, or having meta-information. Although there exist various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Jingjing Huo , Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Leonard Dahlmann , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

Neural machine translation (NMT) has arguably achieved human level parity when trained and evaluated at the sentence-level. Document-level neural machine translation has received less attention and lags behind its sentence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Elman Mansimov , Gábor Melis , Lei Yu

Retrieving relevant documents from a corpus is typically based on the semantic similarity between the document content and query text. The inclusion of structural relationship between documents can benefit the retrieval mechanism by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Natraj Raman , Sameena Shah , Manuela Veloso

In-image machine translation (IIMT) aims to translate an image containing texts in source language into an image containing translations in target language. In this regard, conventional cascaded methods suffer from issues such as error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Zhibin Lan , Liqiang Niu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Min Zhang , Jinsong Su

Previous work on document-level NMT usually focuses on limited contexts because of degraded performance on larger contexts. In this paper, we investigate on using large contexts with three main contributions: (1) Different from previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Despite the success of neural machine translation (NMT), simultaneous neural machine translation (SNMT), the task of translating in real time before a full sentence has been observed, remains challenging due to the syntactic structure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yun Chen , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Xiao Chen , Qun Liu

Vision Language Models (VLMs) achieved rapid progress in the recent years. However, despite their growth, VLMs development is heavily grounded on English, leading to two main limitations: (i) the lack of multilingual and multimodal datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Daniela Baiamonte , Elena Fano , Matteo Gabburo , Stefano Simonazzi , Leonardo Rigutini , Andrea Zugarini

This manuscript explores multimodal alignment, translation, fusion, and transference to enhance machine understanding of complex inputs. We organize the work into five chapters, each addressing unique challenges in multimodal machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Gorjan Radevski

Video-guided Multimodal Translation (VMT) has advanced significantly in recent years. However, most existing methods rely on locally aligned video segments paired one-to-one with subtitles, limiting their ability to capture global narrative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jian Chen , JinZe Lv , Zi Long , XiangHua Fu