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Information retrieval systems such as open web search and recommendation systems are ubiquitous and significantly impact how people receive and consume online information. Previous research has shown the importance of fairness in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Fumian Chen , Hui Fang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a well-established and rapidly evolving field within AI that enhances the outputs of large language models by integrating relevant information retrieved from external knowledge sources. While industry…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Lorenz Brehme , Benedikt Dornauer , Thomas Ströhle , Maximilian Ehrhart , Ruth Breu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a common method for integrating external knowledge into pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance accuracy and relevancy in question answering (QA) tasks. However, prompt engineering and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Isaac Chung , Phat Vo , Arman C. Kizilkale , Aaron Reite

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently gained traction in natural language processing. Numerous studies and real-world applications are leveraging its ability to enhance generative models through external information retrieval.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Hao Yu , Aoran Gan , Kai Zhang , Shiwei Tong , Qi Liu , Zhaofeng Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a paradigm for grounding large language models in external knowledge, yet most existing RAG systems assume centralized knowledge access and ample computation. These assumptions break down…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tianhao Gao , Kai Yang , Yiyang Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful approach for enhancing large language models' question-answering capabilities through the integration of external knowledge. However, when adapting RAG systems to specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Xin Sun , Zhongqi Chen , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Bowen Song , Weiqiang Wang , Zilei Wang , Liang Wang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant capabilities, their reliance on parametric knowledge often leads to inaccuracies. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this by incorporating external knowledge, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hailong Yin , Bin Zhu , Jingjing Chen , Chong-Wah Ngo

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the capabilities of large language models. However, existing RAG evaluation predominantly focuses on text retrieval and relies on opaque, end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chuan Xu , Qiaosheng Chen , Yutong Feng , Gong Cheng

\Ac{RAG} has emerged as a crucial technique for enhancing large models with real-time and domain-specific knowledge. While numerous improvements and open-source tools have been proposed to refine the \ac{RAG} framework for accuracy,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yixing Fan , Qiang Yan , Wenshan Wang , Jiafeng Guo , Ruqing Zhang , Xueqi Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources to address their limitations in accessing up-to-date or specialized information. A natural strategy to increase the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Song Wang , Zihan Chen , Peng Wang , Zhepei Wei , Zhen Tan , Yu Meng , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for complex multi-hop question answering (QA). For multi-hop QA tasks, current iterative approaches predominantly rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Yuling Shi , Maolin Sun , Zijun Liu , Mo Yang , Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Xiaodong Gu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged to address the knowledge-intensive visual question answering (VQA) task. Current methods mainly employ separate retrieval and generation modules to acquire external knowledge and generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xinwei Long , Zhiyuan Ma , Ermo Hua , Kaiyan Zhang , Biqing Qi , Bowen Zhou

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques leverage the in-context learning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to produce more accurate and relevant responses. Originating from the simple 'retrieve-then-read' approach, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yunxiao Shi , Xing Zi , Zijing Shi , Haimin Zhang , Qiang Wu , Min Xu

We revisit retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) by embedding retrieval control directly into generation. Instead of treating retrieval as an external intervention, we express retrieval decisions within token-level decoding, enabling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Bo Li , Mingda Wang , Gexiang Fang , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Generative AI (GenAI) is expected to play a pivotal role in enabling autonomous optimization in future wireless networks. Within the ORAN architecture, Large Language Models (LLMs) can be specialized to generate xApps and rApps by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Sarat Ahmad , Zeinab Nezami , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi

As an important paradigm for enhancing the generation quality of Large Language Models (LLMs), retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) faces the two challenges regarding retrieval accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper presents a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zihang Li , Wenjun Liu , Yikun Zong , Jiawen Tao , Siying Dai , Songcheng Ren , Zirui Liu , Yuhang Wang , Yanbing Jiang , Tong Yang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chan-Wei Hu , Yueqi Wang , Shuo Xing , Chia-Ju Chen , Suofei Feng , Ryan Rossi , Zhengzhong Tu

Optimizing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) configurations for specific tasks is a complex and resource-intensive challenge. Motivated by this challenge, frameworks for RAG hyper-parameter optimization (HPO) have recently emerged, yet…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an important means of enhancing the performance of large language models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, most existing RAG strategies treat retrieved passages in a flat and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Dongqi Liu , Hang Ding , Qiming Feng , Xurong Xie , Zhucun Xue , Chengjie Wang , Jian Li , Jiangning Zhang , Yabiao Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language model reliability by grounding generated responses in external evidence. However, RAG performance depends on the relevance of retrieved passages, the quality of evidence ranking,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fariba Afrin Irany , Sampson Akwafuo