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We introduce here the idea of Meta-Learning for training EEG BCI decoders. Meta-Learning is a way of training machine learning systems so they learn to learn. We apply here meta-learning to a simple Deep Learning BCI architecture and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-17 Denghao Li , Pablo Ortega , Xiaoxi Wei , Aldo Faisal

The objective of this study is to investigate the application of various channel attention mechanisms within the domain of brain-computer interface (BCI) for motor imagery decoding. Channel attention mechanisms can be seen as a powerful…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Martin Wimpff , Leonardo Gizzi , Jan Zerfowski , Bin Yang

Brain-computer interface (BCI) decodes brain signals to understand user intention and status. Because of its simple and safe data acquisition process, electroencephalogram (EEG) is commonly used in non-invasive BCI. One of EEG paradigms,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Byeong-Hoo Lee , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Kyung-Hwan Shim , Dong-Joo Kim

Motor Imagery (MI) is an emerging Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigm where a person imagines body movements without physical action. By decoding scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals, BCIs establish direct communication…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiani Cao , Kun Wang , Yang Liu , Zhenjiang Li

Machine learning (ML) methods have the potential to automate clinical EEG analysis. They can be categorized into feature-based (with handcrafted features), and end-to-end approaches (with learned features). Previous studies on EEG pathology…

Decoding EEG during motor imagery is pivotal for the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system, influencing its overall performance significantly. As end-to-end data-driven learning methods advance, the challenge lies in balancing model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Param Rajpura , Yogesh Kumar Meena

EEG preprocessing varies widely between studies, but its impact on classification performance remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we analyzed seven experiments with 40 participants drawn from the public ERP CORE dataset. We…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-20 Roman Kessler , Alexander Enge , Michael A. Skeide

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a long-standing diagnostic tool. Yet machine learning for ECG interpretation remains fragmented, often limited to narrow tasks or datasets. FMs promise broader adaptability, but fundamental questions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 M A Al-Masud , Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz , Nils Strodthoff

Classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocorticogram (ECoG) signals obtained during motor imagery (MI) has substantial application potential, including for communication assistance and rehabilitation support for patients with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shuntaro Suzuki , Shunya Nagashima , Masayuki Hirata , Komei Sugiura

Deep learning for decoding EEG signals has gained traction, with many claims to state-of-the-art accuracy. However, despite the convincing benchmark performance, successful translation to real applications is limited. The frequent…

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems are useful tools for clinical purposes like neural prostheses. In this study, we collected EEG signals related to grasp motions. Five healthy subjects participated in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Jeong-Hyun Cho , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Seong-Whan Lee

Surface electromyography (sEMG) provides a direct neural interface for decoding muscle activity and offers a promising foundation for keyboard-free text input in wearable and mixed-reality systems. Previous sEMG-to-text studies mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Shreyas Sen , Yi Ding

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), aiming to learn transferable neural representations from large-scale heterogeneous recordings. Despite rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Dingkun Liu , Yuheng Chen , Zhu Chen , Zhenyao Cui , Yaozhi Wen , Jiayu An , Jingwei Luo , Dongrui Wu

Brain-computer interface (BCI) aims to decode motor intent from noninvasive neural signals to enable control of external devices, but practical deployment remains limited by noise and variability in motor imagery (MI)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Si-Hyun Kim , Heon-Gyu Kwak , Byoung-Hee Kwon , Seong-Whan Lee

Electroencephalography (EEG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) are pivotal in understanding brain activity but are limited by their poor spatial resolution. EEG/MEG source imaging (ESI) infers the high-resolution electric field distribution…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-01 Song Wang , Chen Wei , Kexin Lou , Dongfeng Gu , Quanying Liu

Insufficient data is a long-standing challenge for Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) to build a high-performance deep learning model. Though numerous research groups and institutes collect a multitude of EEG datasets for the same BCI task,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Rui Liu , Yuanyuan Chen , Anran Li , Yi Ding , Han Yu , Cuntai Guan

The brain-computer interface (BCI) establishes a non-muscle channel that enables direct communication between the human body and an external device. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a popular non-invasive technique for recording brain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jamal Hwaidi , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem

Evaluating foundation models under appropriate adaptation settings is essential for understanding the quality and transferability of the learned representations. Recent EEG foundation models have demonstrated promising transfer capabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Aditya Kommineni , Emily Zhou , Kleanthis Avramidis , Tiantian Feng , Shrikanth Narayanan

The last decade has witnessed a notable surge in deep learning applications for the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data, thanks to its demonstrated superiority over conventional statistical techniques. However, even deep learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Federico Del Pup , Andrea Zanola , Louis Fabrice Tshimanga , Alessandra Bertoldo , Manfredo Atzori

Brain activity translation into human language delivers the capability to revolutionize machine-human interaction while providing communication support to people with speech disability. Electronic decoding reaches a certain level of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Mostafa El Gedawy , Omnia Nabil , Omar Mamdouh , Mahmoud Nady , Nour Alhuda Adel , Ahmed Fares