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In distributed computing systems with stragglers, various forms of redundancy can improve the average delay performance. We study the optimal replication of data in systems where the job execution time is a stochastically decreasing and…
The distribution of local residual stresses (threshold to instability) that controls the statistical properties of plastic flow in athermal amorphous solids is examined with an atomistic simulation technique. For quiescent configurations,…
Using the Jacobian matrix, we obtain theoretical expression of rigidity and the density of states of two-dimensional amorphous solids consisting of frictional grains in the linear response to an infinitesimal strain, in which we ignore the…
We prove that the variance swap rate (fair strike) equals the price of a co-terminal European-style contract when the underlying is an exponential Markov process, time-changed by an arbitrary continuous stochastic clock, which has arbitrary…
Binary kinetic exchange models, where money is shuffled between two agents at a time, reproduce the Boltzmann Gibbs exponential wealth distribution but cannot address the multi party trades common in real markets. We generalize the exchange…
The discrete-time multifactor Vasi\v{c}ek model is a tractable Gaussian spot rate model. Typically, two- or three-factor versions allow one to capture the dependence structure between yields with different times to maturity in an…
Occupational hierarchies remain strikingly stable even as job content changes rapidly. We ask whether skill requirements propagate directionally along the wage hierarchy or follow symmetric diffusion. Using O*NET 2015-2024, we analyze 17.3…
Magic-state resource theory is a powerful tool with applications in quantum error correction, many-body physics, and classical simulation of quantum dynamics. Despite its broad scope, finding tractable resource monotones has been…
An employer contracts with a worker to incentivize efforts whose productivity depends on ability; the worker then enters a market that pays him contingent on ability evaluation. With non-additive monitoring technology, the interdependence…
We propose a stochastic model of evolution of wealth in a society of economic agents. In the model, an agent can be in two states: inactive and active. Transitions between the states occur at random time intervals. In the active state, the…
Fitting a graphical model to a collection of random variables given sample observations is a challenging task if the observed variables are influenced by latent variables, which can induce significant confounding statistical dependencies…
We study a statistical model consisting of $N$ basic units which interact with each other by exchanging a physical entity, according to a given microscopic random law, depending on a parameter $\lambda$. We focus on the equilibrium or…
We study a particular class of moving average processes which possess a property called localisability. This means that, at any given point, they admit a ``tangent process'', in a suitable sense. We give general conditions on the kernel g…
The response threshold model explains the emergence of division of labor (i.e., task specialization) in an unstructured population by assuming that the individuals have different propensities to work on different tasks. The incentive to…
Agents exert hidden effort to produce randomly-sized innovations in a technology they share. Flow payoffs grow as the technology develops, but so does the marginal cost of effort. I characterise the unique symmetric MPE with the quality of…
In this article, we discuss a dynamical stochastic model that represents the time evolution of income distribution of a population, where the dynamics develop from an interplay of multiple economic exchanges in the presence of…
Mechanistic home range models are important tools in modeling animal dynamics in spatially-complex environments. We introduce a class of stochastic models for animal movement in a habitat of varying preference. Such models interpolate…
A theoretical model of systemic-risk propagation of financial market is analyzed for stability. The state equation is an unsteady diffusion equation with a nonlinear logistic growth term, where the diffusion process captures the spread of…
This paper presents a novel one-factor stochastic volatility model where the instantaneous volatility of the asset log-return is a diffusion with a quadratic drift and a linear dispersion function. The instantaneous volatility mean reverts…
We study the damage spreading phenomena in two different ways in a opinion dynamics model introduced recently. This kinetic exchange type model is characterized by a fraction $q$ of negative interactions and shows the presence of an…