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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have showcased exceptional Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning ability in complex textual inference tasks including causal reasoning. However, will these causalities remain straightforward when crucial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Zhiyuan Li , Heng Wang , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Ao Ma , Jieting Long , Weidong Cai

Despite recent advances in video understanding, the capabilities of Large Video Language Models (LVLMs) to perform video-based causal reasoning remains underexplored, largely due to the absence of relevant and dedicated benchmarks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Clinical reasoning in medicine is a hypothesis-driven process where physicians refine diagnoses from limited information through targeted history, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations. In contrast, current medical benchmarks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Christopher Chiu , Silviu Pitis , Mihaela van der Schaar

Multidimensional human understanding is essential for real-world applications such as film analysis and virtual digital humans, yet current LVLM benchmarks largely focus on single-task settings and lack fine-grained, human-centric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Kangkang Wang , Qinting Jiang , Wanping Zhang , Bowen Ren , Shengzhao Wen

This research addresses the challenges of diagnosing chest X-rays (CXRs) at low resolutions, a common limitation in resource-constrained healthcare settings. High-resolution CXR imaging is crucial for identifying small but critical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Yasmeena Akhter , Rishabh Ranjan , Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa

Despite significant advancements, current large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) continue to struggle with complex, multi-step, cross-modal common sense reasoning tasks, often exhibiting a lack of "deliberative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Wenjie Luo , Ruocheng Li , Shanshan Zhu , Julian Perry

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in various 2D visual tasks, yet their readiness for 3D clinical diagnosis remains unclear due to stringent demands for recognition precision, reasoning ability, and domain knowledge. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yixiong Chen , Wenjie Xiao , Pedro R. A. S. Bassi , Xinze Zhou , Sezgin Er , Ibrahim Ethem Hamamci , Zongwei Zhou , Alan Yuille

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis, yet existing models are limited by their reliance on explicit human instructions and lack the active reasoning capabilities to understand complex clinical questions. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yu Huang , Zelin Peng , Yichen Zhao , Piao Yang , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

Medical large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated promising performance across various single-image question answering (QA) benchmarks, yet their capability in processing multi-image clinical scenarios remains underexplored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xikai Yang , Juzheng Miao , Yuchen Yuan , Jiaze Wang , Qi Dou , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in various language tasks, especially with their emergent in-context learning capability. Extending LLMs to incorporate visual inputs, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aneesh Komanduri , Karuna Bhaila , Xintao Wu

Chest X-ray (CXR) plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, and a variety of task-specific and foundation models have been developed for automatic CXR interpretation. However, these models often struggle to adapt to new diagnostic tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jinhui Lou , Yan Yang , Zhou Yu , Zhenqi Fu , Weidong Han , Qingming Huang , Jun Yu

The widespread use of chest X-rays (CXRs), coupled with a shortage of radiologists, has driven growing interest in automated CXR analysis and AI-assisted reporting. While existing vision-language models (VLMs) show promise in specific tasks…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on medical exam-style tasks, motivating growing interest in their deployment in real-world clinical settings. However, clinical decision-making is inherently safety-critical,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Xiaohan Ren , Chenxiao Fan , Wenyin Ma , Hongliang He , Chongming Gao , Xiaoyan Zhao , Fuli Feng

Spatial reasoning is a core aspect of human intelligence that allows perception, inference and planning in 3D environments. However, current vision-language models (VLMs) struggle to maintain geometric coherence and cross-view consistency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Qiyao Xue , Weichen Liu , Shiqi Wang , Haoming Wang , Yuyang Wu , Wei Gao

Understanding multi-image, multi-turn scenarios is a critical yet underexplored capability for Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Existing benchmarks predominantly focus on static or horizontal comparisons -- e.g., spotting visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Wenbo Lyu , Yingjun Du , Jinglin Zhao , Xianton Zhen , Ling Shao

Incentivizing the reasoning ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is essential for medical applications to transparently analyze medical scans and provide reliable diagnosis. However, existing medical MLLMs rely solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Lehan Wang , Yi Qin , Honglong Yang , Xiaomeng Li

With the rapid development of MLLMs, evaluating their visual capabilities has become increasingly crucial. Current benchmarks primarily fall into two main types: basic perception benchmarks, which focus on local details but lack deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Chenhui Qiang , Zhaoyang Wei , Xumeng Han , Zipeng Wang , Siyao Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Jianbin Jiao , Zhenjun Han

The sequential structure of videos poses a challenge to the ability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to locate multi-frame evidence and conduct multimodal reasoning. However, existing video benchmarks mainly focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Kejian Zhu , Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Jiachun Li , Shangqing Tu , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

While many vision-language models (VLMs) are developed to answer well-defined, straightforward questions with highly specified targets, as in most benchmarks, they often struggle in practice with complex open-ended tasks, which usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Chenrui Fan , Yijun Liang , Shweta Bhardwaj , Kwesi Cobbina , Ming Li , Tianyi Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advancements in tasks like Visual Question Answering (VQA) by leveraging foundational Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their abilities in specific areas such as visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Fazli Imam , Chenyang Lyu , Alham Fikri Aji