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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been proposed as biologically plausible and energy-efficient alternatives to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, the training of SNN usually relies on surrogate gradients due to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Himanshu Udupi , Xiaocong Yang , ChengXiang Zhai

In this paper, we describe a phenomenon, which we named "super-convergence", where neural networks can be trained an order of magnitude faster than with standard training methods. The existence of super-convergence is relevant to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Leslie N. Smith , Nicholay Topin

The objective of this paper is to enhance the optimization process for neural networks by developing a dynamic learning rate algorithm that effectively integrates exponential decay and advanced anti-overfitting strategies. Our primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jatin Chaudhary , Dipak Nidhi , Jukka Heikkonen , Haari Merisaari , Rajiv Kanth

When an online learning algorithm is used to estimate the unknown parameters of a model, the signals interacting with the parameter estimates should not decay too quickly for the optimal values to be discovered correctly. This requirement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Kamil Nar , S. Shankar Sastry

The goal of few-shot learning is to generalize and achieve high performance on new unseen learning tasks, where each task has only a limited number of examples available. Gradient-based meta-learning attempts to address this challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Christian Raymond , Qi Chen , Bing Xue , Mengjie Zhang

This paper introduces an iterative algorithm for training nonparametric additive models that enjoys favorable memory storage and computational requirements. The algorithm can be viewed as the functional counterpart of stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Xin Chen , Jason M. Klusowski

The current deep learning model is of a single-grade, that is, it learns a deep neural network by solving a single nonconvex optimization problem. When the layer number of the neural network is large, it is computationally challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Yuesheng Xu

Training a neural network for a classification task typically assumes that the data to train are given from the beginning. However, in the real world, additional data accumulate gradually and the model requires additional training without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Jangho Kim , Jeesoo Kim , Nojun Kwak

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are biologically inspired energy-efficient models that use sparse binary spike-based communication between neurons, making them attractive for resource-constrained edge devices. Federated learning enables such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Sanja Karilanova , Subhrakanti Dey , Ayça Özçelikkale

The promise of learning to learn for robotics rests on the hope that by extracting some information about the learning process itself we can speed up subsequent similar learning tasks. Here, we introduce a computationally efficient online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Franziska Meier , Daniel Kappler , Stefan Schaal

The performance of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) depends critically on how learning rates are tuned and decreased over time. We propose a method to automatically adjust multiple learning rates so as to minimize the expected error at any…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-19 Tom Schaul , Sixin Zhang , Yann LeCun

This paper presents a novel technique based on gradient boosting to train the final layers of a neural network (NN). Gradient boosting is an additive expansion algorithm in which a series of models are trained sequentially to approximate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Seyedsaman Emami , Gonzalo Martínez-Muñoz

Recently, we proposed to transform the outputs of each hidden neuron in a multi-layer perceptron network to have zero output and zero slope on average, and use separate shortcut connections to model the linear dependencies instead. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-12 Tommi Vatanen , Tapani Raiko , Harri Valpola , Yann LeCun

Many types of neural network layers rely on matrix properties such as invertibility or orthogonality. Retaining such properties during optimization with gradient-based stochastic optimizers is a challenging task, which is usually addressed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-02 Andreas Krämer , Jonas Köhler , Frank Noé

Backpropagation with gradient descent is a common optimization strategy employed by most neural network architectures in machine learning. However, finding optimal hyperparameters to guide training has proven challenging. While it is widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Vy Bui , Hang Yu , Karthik Kantipudi , Ziv Yaniv , Stefan Jaeger

Neural networks (NN)-based learning algorithms are strongly affected by the choices of initialization and data distribution. Different optimization strategies have been proposed for improving the learning trajectory and finding a better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Yimeng Min

Deep Learning has revolutionized machine learning and artificial intelligence, achieving superhuman performance in several standard benchmarks. It is well-known that deep learning models are inefficient to train; they learn by processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Fartash Faghri

Randomly initialized first-order optimization algorithms are the method of choice for solving many high-dimensional nonconvex problems in machine learning, yet general theoretical guarantees cannot rule out convergence to critical points of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Dar Gilboa , Sam Buchanan , John Wright

Neural networks are trained primarily based on their inputs and outputs, without regard for their internal mechanisms. These neglected mechanisms determine properties that are critical for safety, like (i) transparency; (ii) the absence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Alex Cloud , Jacob Goldman-Wetzler , Evžen Wybitul , Joseph Miller , Alexander Matt Turner

Deep neural networks have been used in various machine learning applications and achieved tremendous empirical successes. However, training deep neural networks is a challenging task. Many alternatives have been proposed in place of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Yeonjong Shin