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Neural networks have the ability to serve as universal function approximators, but they are not interpretable and don't generalize well outside of their training region. Both of these issues are problematic when trying to apply standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Colby Fronk , Linda Petzold

Neural operators have emerged as transformative tools for learning mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces, offering useful applications in solving complex partial differential equations (PDEs). This paper presents a rigorous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Vu-Anh Le , Mehmet Dik

An important application of neural networks to scientific computing has been the learning of non-linear operators. In this framework, a neural network is trained to fit a non-linear map between two infinite dimensional spaces, for example,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shao-Ting Chiu , Aditya Nambiar , Ali Syed , Jonathan W. Siegel , Ulisses Braga-Neto

Universal approximation theorems are the foundations of classical neural networks, providing theoretical guarantees that the latter are able to approximate maps of interest. Recent results have shown that this can also be achieved in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Lukas Gonon , Antoine Jacquier

We develop an $\mathrm{L}^p$-theory for Dolbeault-Dirac operators on compact K\"ahler manifolds with coefficients in a Hermitian holomorphic vector bundle $E$. For each $p \in (1,\infty)$ we consider the closed $\mathrm{L}^p$-realization…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Cédric Arhancet

Complex dynamic systems are typically either modeled using expert knowledge in the form of differential equations or via data-driven universal approximation models such as artificial neural networks (ANN). While the first approach has…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-09 Christoph Plate , Carl Julius Martensen , Sebastian Sager

Neural operator learning models have emerged as very effective surrogates in data-driven methods for partial differential equations (PDEs) across different applications from computational science and engineering. Such operator learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Benjamin Shih , Ahmad Peyvan , Zhongqiang Zhang , George Em Karniadakis

Learning operators mapping between infinite-dimensional Banach spaces via neural networks has attracted a considerable amount of attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose an interfaced operator network (IONet) to solve parametric…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-28 Sidi Wu , Aiqing Zhu , Yifa Tang , Benzhuo Lu

In this paper four iterative algorithms for learning analysis operators are presented. They are built upon the same optimisation principle underlying both Analysis K-SVD and Analysis SimCO. The Forward and Sequential Analysis Operator…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Michael Sandbichler , Karin Schnass

Neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) are a popular type of deep learning model that operate with continuous-depth architectures. To assess how well such models perform on unseen data, it is crucial to understand their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Madhusudan Verma , Manoj Kumar

In the framework of operator theory, we investigate a close Lie theoretic relationship between all operator ideals and certain classical groups of invertible operators that can be described as the solution sets of certain algebraic…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-03-21 Daniel Beltita , Sasmita Patnaik , Gary Weiss

Quantum speed-ups for dynamical simulation usually demand unitary time-evolution, whereas the large ODE/PDE systems encountered in realistic physical models are generically non-unitary. We present a universal moment-fulfilling dilation that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Xiantao Li

Classical neural networks are known for their ability to approximate mappings between finite-dimensional spaces, but they fall short in capturing complex operator dynamics across infinite-dimensional function spaces. Neural operators, in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Bo Zhang

Neural networks (NNs) are known for their high predictive accuracy in complex learning problems. Beside practical advantages, NNs also indicate favourable theoretical properties such as universal approximation (UA) theorems. Binarized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Mikail Yayla , Mario Günzel , Burim Ramosaj , Jian-Jia Chen

A key challenge in scientific machine learning is solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on complex domains, where the curved geometry complicates the approximation of functions and their derivatives required by differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Hanfei Zhou , Lei Shi

Although very successfully used in conventional machine learning, convolution based neural network architectures -- believed to be inconsistent in function space -- have been largely ignored in the context of learning solution operators of…

We establish fundamental mathematical limits on universal approximation theorem (UAT) system alignment by proving that catastrophic failures are an inescapable feature of any useful computational system. Our central thesis is that for any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jasper Yao

Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a von Neumann algebra equipped with a faithful normal semi-finite trace $\tau$ and let $S_0(\tau)$ be the algebra of all $\tau$-compact operators affiliated with $\mathcal{M}$. Let $E(\tau)\subseteq S_0(\tau)$ be a…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2012-04-19 A. F. Ber , F. A. Sukochev

We present a generalized version of the discretization-invariant neural operator and prove that the network is a universal approximation in the operator sense. Moreover, by incorporating additional terms in the architecture, we establish a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-20 Zecheng Zhang , Wing Tat Leung , Hayden Schaeffer

We introduce a Banach space-valued extension of random feature learning, a data-driven supervised machine learning technique for large-scale kernel approximation. By randomly initializing the feature maps, only the linear readout needs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker