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Modern high-performance architectures employ large last-level caches (LLCs). While large LLCs can reduce average memory access latency for workloads with a high degree of locality, they can also increase latency for workloads with irregular…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Hoa Nguyen , Pongstorn Maidee , Jason Lowe-Power , Alireza Kaviani

Software vulnerabilities are constantly being reported and exploited in software products, causing significant impacts on society. In recent years, the main approach to vulnerability detection, fuzzing, has been integrated into the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tatsuya Shirai , Olivier Nourry , Yutaro Kashiwa , Kenji Fujiwara , Yasutaka Kamei , Hajimu Iida

A fuzzer provides randomly generated inputs to a targeted software to expose erroneous behavior. To efficiently detect defects, generated inputs should conform to the structure of the input format and thus, grammars can be used to generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Martin Eberlein , Yannic Noller , Thomas Vogel , Lars Grunske

Command-line interface (CLI) fuzzing tests programs by mutating both command-line options and input file contents, thus enabling discovery of vulnerabilities that only manifest under specific option-input combinations. Prior works of CLI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Momoko Shiraishi , Yinzhi Cao , Takahiro Shinagawa

Fuzzing has become one of the most effective bug finding approach for software. In recent years, 24*7 continuous fuzzing platforms have emerged to test critical pieces of software, e.g., Linux kernel. Though capable of discovering many bugs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Xiaochen Zou , Guoren Li , Weiteng Chen , Hang Zhang , Zhiyun Qian

Crafting high-quality fuzz drivers not only is time-consuming but also requires a deep understanding of the library. However, the state-of-the-art automatic fuzz driver generation techniques fall short of expectations. While fuzz drivers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yunlong Lyu , Yuxuan Xie , Peng Chen , Hao Chen

The Solidity smart contract ecosystem has rapidly grown, leading to multiple compilers targeting different blockchain platforms or improving compilation efficiency. Although many compilers aim to be compatible with the primary Solidity…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bowei Su , Mingxi Ye , Yuhong Na , Peilin Zheng , Zibin Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread use in various applications due to their powerful capability to generate human-like text. However, prompt injection attacks, which involve overwriting a model's original instructions with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Jiahao Yu , Yangguang Shao , Hanwen Miao , Junzheng Shi

Fuzz testing has been used to find bugs in programs since the 1990s, but despite decades of dedicated research, there is still no consensus on which fuzzing techniques work best. One reason for this is the paucity of ground truth: bugs in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Joshua Bundt , Andrew Fasano , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , William Robertson , Tim Leek

Fuzzing -- testing programs with random inputs -- has become the prime technique to detect bugs and vulnerabilities in programs. To generate inputs that cover new functionality, fuzzers require execution feedback from the program -- for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Rahul Gopinath , Bachir Bendrissou , Björn Mathis , Andreas Zeller

Least-privilege separation decomposes applications into compartments limited to accessing only what they need. When compartmentalizing existing software, many approaches neglect securing the new inter-compartment interfaces, although what…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Hugo Lefeuvre , Vlad-Andrei Bădoiu , Yi Chien , Felipe Huici , Nathan Dautenhahn , Pierre Olivier

In the evolving landscape of integrated circuit (IC) design, the increasing complexity of modern processors and intellectual property (IP) cores has introduced new challenges in ensuring design correctness and security. The recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raghul Saravanan , Sudipta Paria , Aritra Dasgupta , Venkat Nitin Patnala , Swarup Bhunia , Sai Manoj P D

Deep learning (DL) systems can make our life much easier, and thus are gaining more and more attention from both academia and industry. Meanwhile, bugs in DL systems can be disastrous, and can even threaten human lives in safety-critical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Anjiang Wei , Yinlin Deng , Chenyuan Yang , Lingming Zhang

Tool-augmented LLM agents increasingly rely on multi-step, multi-tool workflows to complete real tasks. This design expands the attack surface, because data produced by one tool can be persisted and later reused as input to another tool,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jiangrong Wu , Zitong Yao , Yuhong Nan , Zibin Zheng

Guided fuzzing has, in recent years, been able to uncover many new vulnerabilities in real-world software due to its fast input mutation strategies guided by path-coverage. However, most fuzzers are unable to achieve high coverage in deeper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Saahil Ognawala , Fabian Kilger , Alexander Pretschner

Fuzzing is an effective technique for discovering software vulnerabilities by generating random test inputs and executing them against the target program. However, fuzzing large and complex programs remains challenging due to difficulties…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Dongdong She , Adam Storek , Yuchong Xie , Seoyoung Kweon , Prashast Srivastava , Suman Jana

Fuzzing technologies have evolved at a fast pace in recent years, revealing bugs in programs with ever increasing depth and speed. Applications working with complex formats are however more difficult to take on, as inputs need to meet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Andrea Fioraldi , Daniele Cono D'Elia , Emilio Coppa

Fuzzing continues to be the most effective method for identifying security vulnerabilities in software. In the context of fuzz testing, the fuzzer supplies varied inputs to fuzz targets, which are designed to comprehensively exercise…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chi Thien Tran

PHP, a dominant scripting language in web development, powers a vast range of websites, from personal blogs to major platforms. While existing research primarily focuses on PHP application-level security issues like code injection, memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yuancheng Jiang , Chuqi Zhang , Bonan Ruan , Jiahao Liu , Manuel Rigger , Roland Yap , Zhenkai Liang

Software fuzzing is a strong testing technique that has become the de facto approach for automated software testing and software vulnerability detection in the industry. The random nature of fuzzing makes monitoring and understanding the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Aftab Hussain , Mohammad Amin Alipour