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Gravitational wave (GW) oscillations occur whenever there are additional tensor modes interacting with the perturbations of the metric coupled to matter. These extra modes can arise from new spin-2 fields (as in e.g. bigravity theories) or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Jose Beltrán Jiménez , Jose María Ezquiaga , Lavinia Heisenberg

Gravitational wave observations have significantly broadened our capacity to explore fundamental physics beyond the Standard Model, providing crucial insights into dark matter that are inaccessible through conventional methods. Here, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-21 Jeong Han Kim , Xing-Yu Yang

Gravitons radiated from light, evaporating black holes contribute to the stochastic background of gravitational waves. The spectrum of such emission depends on both the mass and the spin of the black holes, as well as on the redshifting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-10 Aurora Ireland , Stefano Profumo , Jordan Scharnhorst

The latest pulsar timing array data reveals evidence of nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs), which have been explained by both cosmological and astrophysical sources. However, current observations lack the precision needed to differentiate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-10 Jing Liu

The future detection of gravitational wave forces us to consider the many ways in which astrophysics, gravitational wave theory and fundamental theory will interact. In this paper, I summarize some recent work done to develop such an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-19 Nicolas Yunes

We investigate the propagation of the gravitational waves in a cosmological background. Based on the framework of spatially covariant gravity, we derive the general quadratic action for the gravitational waves. The spatial derivatives of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-01 Xian Gao , Xun-Yang Hong

Over a hundred gravitational-wave signals have now been detected from the mergers of black holes and neutron stars, but other sources of gravitational waves have not yet been discovered. Some of the most violent explosive events in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-24 Jade Powell , Paul D. Lasky

Einstein's General Theory of Relativity predicted the existence of gravitational waves (GWs), which offer a way to explore cosmic events like binary mergers and could help resolve the Hubble Tension. The Hubble Tension refers to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-07 Rishav Laloo , Prachi Gupta , Arun Kenath

The reheating of the universe after hybrid inflation proceeds through the nucleation and subsequent collision of large concentrations of energy density in the form of bubble-like structures moving at relativistic speeds. This generates a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-29 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Daniel G. Figueroa

Gravitational waves affect the observed direction of light from distant sources. At telescopes, this change in direction appears as periodic variations in the apparent positions of these sources on the sky; that is, as proper motion. A wave…

After their generation, cosmological backgrounds of gravitational waves propagate nearly freely but for the expansion of the Universe and the anisotropic stress of free-streaming particles. Primordial signals -- both that from inflation and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Marilena Loverde , Zachary J. Weiner

The GR wave self-heating of geodesic massive bodies with constant thermo-gravimechanical energies increases the brightness-to-charge ratio along spiral radial transitions in the energy-to-energy gravitation. Paired confined gravitons…

General Physics · Physics 2008-05-11 I. E. Bulyzhenkov

We firstly generalize the massive scalar propagator for planar gravitational waves propagating on Minkowski space obtained recently in Ref. [1]. We then use this propagator to study the response of a freely falling Unruh-DeWitt detector to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-21 Tomislav Prokopec

Cusps of cosmic strings emit strong beams of high-frequency gravitational waves (GW). As a consequence of these beams, the stochastic ensemble of gravitational waves generated by a cosmological network of oscillating loops is strongly non…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Thibault Damour , Alexander Vilenkin

We assume that the cosmological dark matter is composed of massive neutral scalar particles that decay into two massless particles. The decay produces a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWs) via a 'memory effect' mechanism. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-14 Bruce Allen

Within the closed universe, we obtain the amplitude and frequency of gravitational waves in the terms of discrete wave numbers, wave propagation time, and cosmological constant using the deviation equation in the first-order perturbed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-27 Jafar Khodagholizadeh , Amir H. Abbassi , Ali Vahedi , Komeil Babaei

Based on the relationship between proper distance and coordinate distance, the geometrical phenomenon caused by the passing gravitational waves can not be observed locally. The electromagnetic wave equations in the background gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-13 Wenyu Wang , Yang Xu

The geometric optics approximation traditionally used to study the propagation of gravitational waves on a curved background, breaks down in the vicinity of compact and extended astrophysical objects, where wave-like effects like diffusion…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-06 Giulia Cusin , Ruth Durrer , Pedro G. Ferreira

Stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves (GWs) from the pre-BBN era offer a unique opportunity to probe the universe beyond what has already been achieved with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). If the source is short in duration,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-13 Joshua Berger , Amit Bhoonah , Biswajit Padhi

Mergers of supermassive black hole binaries release peak power of up to ~10^57 erg/s in gravitational waves (GWs). As the GWs propagate through ambient gas, they induce shear and a small fraction of their power is dissipated through…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-30 Bence Kocsis , Abraham Loeb