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Recent advancements in generative models have allowed the emergence of a promising paradigm for recommender systems (RS), known as Generative Recommendation (GR), which tries to unify rich item semantics and collaborative filtering signals.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jingzhe Liu , Liam Collins , Jiliang Tang , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Clark Mingxuan Ju

Semantic identifiers (SIDs) have gained increasing attention in generative retrieval (GR) for recommendation due to their meaningful semantic discriminability. However, current studies in this field primarily (1) offer limited investigation…

Sequential recommendation (SR) is traditionally formulated as next-item prediction over a chronological sequence of interacted items. Although recent generative recommendation (GR) methods introduce new machinery, such as semantic IDs,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yingyi Zhang , Junyi Li , Yejing Wang , Wenlin Zhang , Xiaowei Qian , Sheng Zhang , Yue Feng , Yichao Wang , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Xianneng Li

Generative retrieval for search and recommendation is a promising paradigm for retrieving items, offering an alternative to traditional methods that depend on external indexes and nearest-neighbor searches. Instead, generative models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Gustavo Penha , Ali Vardasbi , Enrico Palumbo , Marco de Nadai , Hugues Bouchard

Cross-domain recommendation (CDR) is crucial for improving recommendation accuracy and generalization, yet traditional methods are often hindered by the reliance on shared user/item IDs, which are unavailable in most real-world scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Peiyu Hu , Wayne Lu , Jia Wang

Effective recommendation is crucial for large-scale online platforms. Traditional recommendation systems primarily rely on ID tokens to uniquely identify items, which can effectively capture specific item relationships but suffer from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Guanyu Lin , Zhigang Hua , Tao Feng , Shuang Yang , Bo Long , Jiaxuan You

The rise of personalized generative models raises a central question: how should we evaluate identity preservation? Given a reference image (e.g., one's pet), we expect the generated image to retain precise details attached to the subject's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Connor Kilrain , David Carlyn , Julia Chae , Sara Beery , Wei-Lun Chao , Jianyang Gu

Generative recommendation based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the traditional ranking-based recommendation style into a text-to-text generation paradigm. However, in contrast to standard NLP tasks that inherently operate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Juntao Tan , Shuyuan Xu , Wenyue Hua , Yingqiang Ge , Zelong Li , Yongfeng Zhang

Recently, generative retrieval emerges as a promising alternative to traditional retrieval paradigms. It assigns each document a unique identifier, known as DocID, and employs a generative model to directly generate the relevant DocID for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Peitian Zhang , Zheng Liu , Yujia Zhou , Zhicheng Dou , Fangchao Liu , Zhao Cao

Randomly-hashed item ids are used ubiquitously in recommendation models. However, the learned representations from random hashing prevents generalization across similar items, causing problems of learning unseen and long-tail items,…

Generative models are increasingly used in recommender systems, both for modeling user behavior as event sequences and for integrating large language models into recommendation pipelines. A key challenge in this setting is the extremely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Kirill Khrylchenko

Generative recommendation has recently emerged as a transformative paradigm that directly generates target items, surpassing traditional cascaded approaches. It typically involves two components: a tokenizer that learns item identifiers and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jialei Li , Yang Zhang , Yimeng Bai , Shuai Zhu , Ziqi Xue , Xiaoyan Zhao , Dingxian Wang , Frank Yang , Andrew Rabinovich , Xiangnan He

Designing document identifiers (docids) that carry rich semantic information while maintaining tractable search spaces is a important challenge in generative retrieval (GR). Popular codebook methods address this by building a hierarchical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yingchen Zhang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Wenjun Peng , Sen Li , Fuyu Lv , Xueqi Cheng

Generative recommendation maps each item to a sequence of Semantic IDs (SIDs) and recasts retrieval as autoregressive token generation. In this paradigm the main bottleneck is the tokenizer rather than the Transformer: residual vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Wenzhuo Cheng , Menghang Gong , Qixin Guo , Hang Zheng , Zhaobin Yang , Jianguo Lou , Zhengwei Zheng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face significant performance gaps when applied to technical domains requiring precise information extraction from complex documents. Current evaluation methodologies relying on document-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shashank Kumar

Discrete tokenizers have emerged as indispensable components in modern machine learning systems, particularly within the context of autoregressive modeling and large language models (LLMs). These tokenizers serve as the critical interface…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jian Jia , Jingtong Gao , Ben Xue , Junhao Wang , Qingpeng Cai , Quan Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

This paper provides a unified account of two schools of thinking in information retrieval modelling: the generative retrieval focusing on predicting relevant documents given a query, and the discriminative retrieval focusing on predicting…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-02-23 Jun Wang , Lantao Yu , Weinan Zhang , Yu Gong , Yinghui Xu , Benyou Wang , Peng Zhang , Dell Zhang

In modern recommender systems, list-wise reranking serves as a critical phase within the multi-stage pipeline, finalizing the exposed item sequence and directly impacting user satisfaction by modeling complex intra-list item dependencies.…

Generative recommendation autoregressively generates item identifiers to recommend potential items. Existing methods typically adopt a one-to-one mapping strategy, where each item is represented by a single identifier. However, this scheme…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Bowen Zheng , Enze Liu , Zhongfu Chen , Zhongrui Ma , Yue Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen