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Diffusion-based generative models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for perceptual quality in speech enhancement (SE). However, their iterative nature requires numerous Neural Function Evaluations (NFEs), posing a challenge for…

Continuous-time Consistency Models (CMs) promise efficient few-step generation but face significant challenges with training instability. We argue this instability stems from a fundamental conflict: Training the network exclusively on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yansong Peng , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Pingyu Wu , Hebei Li , Xiaoyan Sun , Feng Wu

MeanFlow (MF) has recently been established as a framework for one-step generative modeling. However, its ``fastforward'' nature introduces key challenges in both the training objective and the guidance mechanism. First, the original MF's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhengyang Geng , Yiyang Lu , Zongze Wu , Eli Shechtman , J. Zico Kolter , Kaiming He

Recently, Flow Matching models have pushed the boundaries of high-fidelity data generation across a wide range of domains. It typically employs a single large network to learn the entire generative trajectory from noise to data. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Dogyun Park , Taehoon Lee , Minseok Joo , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Flow map models such as Consistency Models (CM) and Mean Flow (MF) enable few-step generation by learning the long jump of the ODE solution of diffusion models, yet training remains unstable, sensitive to hyperparameters, and costly.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zheyuan Hu , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuki Mitsufuji , Stefano Ermon

Flow matching has emerged as a competitive framework for learning high-quality generative policies in robotics; however, we find that generalisation arises and saturates early along the flow trajectory, in accordance with recent findings in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zidong Chen , Zihao Guo , Peng Wang , ThankGod Itua Egbe , Yan Lyu , Chenghao Qian

The performance of flow matching and diffusion models can be greatly improved at inference time using reward alignment algorithms, yet efficiency remains a major limitation. While several algorithms were proposed, we demonstrate that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Peter Holderrieth , Uriel Singer , Tommi Jaakkola , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Yaron Lipman , Brian Karrer

High-dimensional integration with respect to complex target measures remains a fundamental challenge in computational science. While Flow Matching (FM) offers a powerful paradigm for constructing continuous-time transport maps, its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Zhijun Zeng , Jianlong Chen

Flow matching has emerged as a simulation-free alternative to diffusion-based generative modeling, producing samples by solving an ODE whose time-dependent velocity field is learned along an interpolation between a simple source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Shivam Kumar , Yixin Wang , Lizhen Lin

Flow-based generative models have emerged as powerful priors for solving inverse problems. One option is to directly optimize the initial latent code (noise), such that the flow output solves the inverse problem. However, this requires…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Alexander Denker , Moshe Eliasof , Zeljko Kereta , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Diffusion and flow matching (FM) models have achieved remarkable progress in speech enhancement (SE), yet their dependence on multi-step generation is computationally expensive and vulnerable to discretization errors. Recent advances in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Gang Yang , Yue Lei , Wenxin Tai , Jin Wu , Jia Chen , Ting Zhong , Fan Zhou

Likelihood-based deep generative models have been widely investigated for Image Anomaly Detection (IAD), particularly Normalizing Flows, yet their strict architectural invertibility needs often constrain scalability, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Liangwei Li , Lin Liu , Hanzhe Liang , Juanxiu Liu , Jing Zhang , Ruqian Hao , Xiaohui Du , Yong Liu , Pan Li

Flow Matching (FM) has recently emerged as a principled and efficient alternative to diffusion models. Standard FM encourages the learned velocity field to follow a target direction; however, it may accumulate errors along the trajectory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zong-Wei Hong , Jing-lun Li , Lin-Ze Li , Shen Zhang , Yao Tang

Rectified flow and reflow procedures have significantly advanced fast generation by progressively straightening ordinary differential equation (ODE) flows. They operate under the assumption that image and noise pairs, known as couplings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Dogyun Park , Sojin Lee , Sihyeon Kim , Taehoon Lee , Youngjoon Hong , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Flow matching policies learn continuous velocity fields that transport noise to actions, enabling fast deterministic inference for robot manipulation. However, standard training optimizes a pointwise velocity objective while inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Riad Ahmed , Sujosh Nag , Moniruzzaman Akash , Mostafa Hussein , Momotaz Begum

Flow Matching (FM) policies have emerged as an efficient backbone for robotic control, offering fast and expressive action generation that underpins recent large-scale embodied AI systems. However, FM policies trained via imitation learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaotian Qiu , Lukai Chen , Jinhao Li , Qi Sun , Cheng Zhuo , Guohao Dai

Continuous-time generative models, such as Flow Matching (FM), construct probability paths to transport between one distribution and another through the simulation-free learning of the neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs). During…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Qunxi Zhu , Wei Lin

Recent semi-dense image matching methods have achieved remarkable success, but two long-standing issues still impair their performance. At the coarse stage, the over-exclusion issue of their mutual nearest neighbor (MNN) matching layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ke Jin , Jiming Chen , Qi Ye

Rectified Flow offers a simple and effective approach to high-quality generative modeling by learning a velocity field. However, we identify a limitation in directly modeling the velocity with an unconstrained neural network: the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xixi Hu , Runlong Liao , Keyang Xu , Bo Liu , Yeqing Li , Eugene Ie , Hongliang Fei , Qiang Liu

Recent work shows that flow matching can be effective for scalar Q-value function estimation in reinforcement learning (RL), but it remains unclear why or how this approach differs from standard critics. Contrary to conventional belief, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bhavya Agrawalla , Michal Nauman , Aviral Kumar