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We show that the smoothed complexity of the FLIP algorithm for local Max-Cut is at most $\smash{\phi n^{O(\sqrt{\log n})}}$, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the graph and $\phi$ is a parameter that measures the magnitude of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Xi Chen , Chenghao Guo , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis , Mihalis Yannakakis , Xinzhi Zhang

Standard approaches to quantum statistical inference rely on measurements that induce a collapse of the wave function, effectively consuming the quantum state to extract information. In this work, we investigate the fundamental limits of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Cristina Butucea , Jan Johannes , Henning Stein

We consider the problem of hypothesis testing for discrete distributions. In the standard model, where we have sample access to an underlying distribution $p$, extensive research has established optimal bounds for uniformity testing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Piotr Indyk , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Sandeep Silwal

We investigate different quantum parameter estimation scenarios in the presence of noise, and identify optimal probe states. For frequency estimation of local Hamiltonians with dephasing noise, we determine optimal probe states for up to 70…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-10 F. Fröwis , M. Skotiniotis , B. Kraus , W. Dür

We study lower bounds on the worst-case error of numerical integration in tensor product spaces. As reference we use the $N$-th minimal error of linear rules that use $N$ function values. The information complexity is the minimal number $N$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Erich Novak , Friedrich Pillichshammer

We introduce kernel thinning, a new procedure for compressing a distribution $\mathbb{P}$ more effectively than i.i.d. sampling or standard thinning. Given a suitable reproducing kernel $\mathbf{k}_{\star}$ and $O(n^2)$ time, kernel…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-14 Raaz Dwivedi , Lester Mackey

Entanglement depth quantifies how many qubits share genuine multipartite entanglement, but certification typically relies on tailored witnesses or full tomography, both of which scale poorly with system size. We recast entanglement-depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Marcin Płodzień

We study connections between distributed local algorithms, finitary factors of iid processes, and descriptive combinatorics in the context of regular trees. We extend the Borel determinacy technique of Marks coming from descriptive…

We study the fundamental problem of estimating an unknown discrete distribution $p$ over $d$ symbols, given $n$ i.i.d. samples from the distribution. We are interested in minimizing the KL divergence between the true distribution and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-30 Jiayuan Ye , Vitaly Feldman , Kunal Talwar

The aim of this paper is to provide several novel upper bounds on the excess risk with a primal focus on classification problems. We suggest two approaches and the obtained bounds are represented via the distribution dependent local…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-13 Nikita Zhivotovskiy

Unitarity randomized benchmarking (URB) is an experimental procedure for estimating the coherence of implemented quantum gates independently of state preparation and measurement errors. These estimates of the coherence are measured by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-17 Bas Dirkse , Jonas Helsen , Stephanie Wehner

Quantum computers are now on the brink of outperforming their classical counterparts. One way to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computation is through quantum random sampling performed on quantum computing devices. However, existing…

Bell sampling is a simple yet powerful measurement primitive that has recently attracted a lot of attention, and has proven to be a valuable tool in studying stabiliser states. Unfortunately, however, it is known that Bell sampling fails…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-13 Jonathan Allcock , Joao F. Doriguello , Gábor Ivanyos , Miklos Santha

We study the sample complexity of the prototypical tasks quantum purity estimation and quantum inner product estimation. In purity estimation, we are to estimate $tr(\rho^2)$ of an unknown quantum state $\rho$ to additive error $\epsilon$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Weiyuan Gong , Jonas Haferkamp , Qi Ye , Zhihan Zhang

We study the problems of quantum tomography and shadow tomography using measurements performed on individual, identical copies of an unknown $d$-dimensional state. We first revisit a known lower bound due to Haah et al. (2017) on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Angus Lowe , Ashwin Nayak

Product states, unentangled tensor products of single qubits, are a ubiquitous ansatz in quantum computation, including for state-of-the-art Hamiltonian approximation algorithms. A natural question is whether we should expect to efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-12 John Kallaugher , Ojas Parekh , Kevin Thompson , Yipu Wang , Justin Yirka

Product measures of dimension $n$ are known to be concentrated in Hamming distance: for any set $S$ in the product space of probability $\epsilon$, a random point in the space, with probability $1-\delta$, has a neighbor in $S$ that is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Omid Etesami , Saeed Mahloujifar , Mohammad Mahmoody

We study the statistical complexity of private linear regression under an unknown, potentially ill-conditioned covariate distribution. Somewhat surprisingly, under privacy constraints the intrinsic complexity is \emph{not} captured by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Fan Chen , Jiachun Li , Alexander Rakhlin , David Simchi-Levi

We investigate the problem of evaluating the output probabilities of Clifford circuits with nonstabilizer product input states. First, we consider the case when the input state is mixed, and give an efficient classical algorithm to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Kaifeng Bu , Dax Enshan Koh

Power grid partitioning is an important requirement for resilient distribution grids. Since electricity production is progressively shifted to the distribution side, dynamic identification of self-reliant grid subsets becomes crucial for…