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The spin Hall effect in heavy-metal thin films is routinely employed to convert charge currents into transverse spin currents and can be used to exert torque on adjacent ferromagnets. Conversely, the inverse spin Hall effect is frequently…

The spin Hall effect and its inverse play key roles in spintronic devices since they allow conversion of charge currents to and from spin currents. The conversion efficiency strongly depends on material details, such as the electronic band…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-09-14 D. H. Wei , Y. Niimi , B. Gu , T. Ziman , S. Maekawa , Y. Otani

We predict that unpolarized charge current driven through the longitudinal leads attached to ballistic quantum-coherent two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in semiconductor heterostructure will induce a {\em pure} spin current, which is not…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Branislav K. Nikolic , Liviu P. Zarbo , Satofumi Souma

Spin current--a flow of electron spins without a charge current--is an ideal information carrier free from Joule heating for electronic devices. The celebrated spin Hall effect, which arises from the relativistic spin-orbit coupling,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-10-09 Makoto Naka , Satoru Hayami , Hiroaki Kusunose , Yuki Yanagi , Yukitoshi Motome , Hitoshi Seo

We present a detailed analysis of the skew-scattering contribution to the spin Hall conductivity using an extended version of the resonant scattering model of Fert and Levy [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 106}, 157208 (2011)]. For $5d$ impurities in…

Spintronics has emerged as a promising field for next-generation devices, offering functionalities beyond complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). A critical challenge in spintronics is to develop systems that can efficiently…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Zhendong Chi , Eoin Dolan , Haozhe Yang , Beatriz Martín-García , Marco Gobbi , Luis E. Hueso , Fèlix Casanova

The spin-orbit interaction in a solid couples the spin of an electron to its momentum. This coupling gives rise to mutual conversion between spin and charge currents: the direct and inverse spin Hall effects. The spin Hall effects have been…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-28 Kazuya Ando , Eiji Saitoh

In metallic systems with spin-orbit coupling a longitudinal charge current may generate a transverse pure spin current; vice-versa an injected pure spin current may result in a transverse charge current. Such direct and inverse spin Hall…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Cosimo Gorini

When a charge current is injected into an altermagnet along a suitable crystallographic direction, a transverse spin current can be generated. This so-called spin-splitter effect does not rely on spin-orbit coupling, and is thus distinct…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Karl Bergson Hallberg , Erik Wegner Hodt , Jacob Linder

The generation and control of spin currents are crucial for advancing next-generation spintronic technologies. These technologies depend on materials capable of efficiently sourcing and interconverting spin and charge currents, while…

Spin-orbit interactions in two-dimensional electron liquids are responsible for many interesting transport phenomena in which particle currents are converted to spin polarizations and spin currents and viceversa. Prime examples are the spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 K. Shen , R. Raimondi , G. Vignale

The spin Hall effect (SHE), in which electrical current generates transverse spin current, plays an important role in spintronics for the generation and manipulation of spin-polarized electrons. The phenomenon originates from spin-orbit…

Direct and inverse spin Hall effects lie at the heart of novel applications that utilize spins of electrons as information carriers, allowing generation of spin currents and detecting them via the electric voltage. In the standard…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-03 Arunesh Roy , Marcos H. D. Guimarães , Jagoda Sławińska

The spin-Hall effect underpins some of the most active topics in modern physics, including spin torques and the inverse spin-Hall effect, yet it lacks a proper theoretical description. This makes it difficult to differentiate the SHE from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Hongyang Ma , James H. Cullen , Serajum Monir , Rajib Rahman , Dimitrie Culcer

Using microscopic theory, we investigate the properties of a spin current driven by magnetization dynamics. In the limit of smooth magnetization texture, the dominant spin current induced by the spin pumping effect is shown to be the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-04-08 Akihito Takeuchi , Kazuhiro Hosono , Gen Tatara

We present a unified theory of charge carrier transport in 2D Dirac systems with broken mirror inversion and time-reversal symmetries (e.g., as realized in ferromagnetic graphene). We find that the entanglement between spin and pseudospin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-21 Manuel Offidani , Aires Ferreira

A nonequilibrium Green's function approach is employed to investigate the spin-Hall effect in diffusive two-dimensional electron systems with Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Considering a long-range electron-impurity scattering potential in…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Y. Liu , X. L. Lei

Spin current is a central theme in spintronics, and its generation is a keen issue. The spin-polarized current injection from the ferromagnet, spin battery, and spin Hall effect have been used to generate spin current, but Ohmic currents in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-11-05 James Jun He , Kanta Hiroki , Keita Hamamoto , Naoto Nagaosa

We predict a new effect in electronic bilayers: the {\it Spin Hall Drag}. The effect consists in the generation of spin accumulation across one layer by an electric current along the other layer. It arises from the combined action of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. M. Badalyan , G. Vignale

Little is known about the spin-flip diffusion length $l_{\rm sf}$, one of the most important material parameters in the field of spintronics. We use a density-functional-theory based scattering approach to determine values of $l_{\rm sf}$…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-05-13 Rohit S. Nair , Ehsan Barati , Kriti Gupta , Zhe Yuan , Paul J. Kelly