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We introduce Simulation Streams, a programming paradigm designed to efficiently control and leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex, dynamic simulations and agentic workflows. Our primary goal is to create a minimally interfering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Peter Sunehag , Joel Z. Leibo

To extract value from evergrowing volumes of data, coming from a number of different sources, and to drive decision making, organizations frequently resort to the composition of data processing workflows, since they are expressive,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Sérgio Esteves , Helena Galhardas , Luís Veiga

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhance their problem-solving capability by utilizing external tools. However, in open-world scenarios with massive and evolving tool repositories, existing methods relying on static embedding retrieval or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Shouzheng Huang , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Agentic workflows are composed of sequences of interdependent Large Language Model (LLM) calls, and they have become a dominant workload in modern AI systems. These workflows exhibit extensive redundancy from overlapping prompts and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Noppanat Wadlom , Junyi Shen , Yao Lu

Large language model agents increasingly rely on external skills to solve complex tasks, where skills act as modular units that extend their capabilities beyond what parametric memory alone supports. Existing methods assume external skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Junhao Shen , Teng Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhao , Hong Cheng

We introduce RewardFlow, an inversion-free framework that steers pretrained diffusion and flow-matching models at inference time through multi-reward Langevin dynamics. RewardFlow unifies complementary differentiable rewards for semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Onkar Susladkar , Dong-Hwan Jang , Tushar Prakash , Adheesh Juvekar , Vedant Shah , Ayush Barik , Nabeel Bashir , Muntasir Wahed , Ritish Shrirao , Ismini Lourentzou

LLM agents increasingly operate in open-ended environments spanning hundreds of sequential episodes, yet they remain largely stateless: each task is solved from scratch without converting past experience into better future behavior. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wujiang Xu , Jiaojiao Han , Minghao Guo , Kai Mei , Xi Zhu , Han Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Training deep learning models takes an extremely long execution time and consumes large amounts of computing resources. At the same time, recent research proposed systems and compilers that are expected to decrease deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Sean Parker , Sami Alabed , Eiko Yoneki

Agent skills today are hand-crafted, generated one-shot, or evolved through loosely controlled self-revision, none of which behaves like a deep-learning optimizer for the skill, and none of which reliably improves over its starting point…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yifan Yang , Ziyang Gong , Weiquan Huang , Qihao Yang , Ziwei Zhou , Zisu Huang , Yan Li , Xuemei Gao , Qi Dai , Bei Liu , Kai Qiu , Yuqing Yang , Dongdong Chen , Xue Yang , Chong Luo

Previous dominant methods for scene flow estimation focus mainly on input from two consecutive frames, neglecting valuable information in the temporal domain. While recent trends shift towards multi-frame reasoning, they suffer from rapidly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Qingwen Zhang , Xiaomeng Zhu , Yushan Zhang , Yixi Cai , Olov Andersson , Patric Jensfelt

Aerial operation in turbulent environments is a challenging problem due to the chaotic behavior of the flow. This problem is made even more complex when a team of aerial robots is trying to achieve coordinated motion in turbulent wind…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Diego Patiño , Siddharth Mayya , Juan Calderon , Kostas Daniilidis , David Saldaña

The rapid advancement of large vision language models (LVLMs) and agent systems has heightened interest in mobile GUI agents that can reliably translate natural language into interface operations. Existing single-agent approaches, however,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Quanfeng Lu , Zhantao Ma , Shuai Zhong , Jin Wang , Dahai Yu , Michael K. Ng , Ping Luo

Large language model (LLM) agents frequently fail on multi-step tasks involving reasoning, tool use, and environment interaction. While such failures are typically logged or retried heuristically, they contain structured signals about where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Akash Bonagiri , Devang Borkar , Gerard Janno Anderias , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun

Flow models are effective at progressively generating realistic images, but they generally struggle to capture long-range dependencies during the generation process as they compress all the information from previous time steps into a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Mude Hui , Rui-Jie Zhu , Songlin Yang , Yu Zhang , Zirui Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Jason Eshraghian , Cihang Xie

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is widely used in Large Language Model (LLM) alignment. Traditional RL can be modeled as a dataflow, where each node represents computation of a neural network (NN) and each edge denotes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Guangming Sheng , Chi Zhang , Zilingfeng Ye , Xibin Wu , Wang Zhang , Ru Zhang , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

Large language model (LLM) agents often suffer from high reasoning overhead, excessive token consumption, unstable execution, and inability to reuse past experiences in complex tasks like business queries, tool use, and workflow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Ruocan Wei , Shufeng Wang , Ziwei Shi

We address the challenge of acquiring real-world manipulation skills with a scalable framework. We hold the belief that identifying an appropriate prediction target capable of leveraging large-scale datasets is crucial for achieving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Chengbo Yuan , Chuan Wen , Tong Zhang , Yang Gao

Coding agents produce rich trajectories while solving software-engineering tasks. To enable agent self-evolution, these trajectories can be distilled into reusable procedural skills that compactly encode experience to guide future behavior.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yanzhou Li , Yiran Zhang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Xiaoxia Liu , Yang Liu

LLM-powered agents face a persistent challenge: learning from their execution experiences to improve future performance. While agents can successfully complete many tasks, they often repeat inefficient patterns, fail to recover from similar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Gaodan Fang , Vatche Isahagian , K. R. Jayaram , Ritesh Kumar , Vinod Muthusamy , Punleuk Oum , Gegi Thomas

Traffic signal control TSC requires strategies that are both effective and interpretable for deployment, yet reinforcement learning produces opaque neural policies while program synthesis depends on restrictive domain-specific languages. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Da Lei , Feng Xiao , Lu Li , Yuzhan Liu