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Through minimization of an appropriate loss function such as the InfoNCE loss, contrastive learning (CL) learns a useful representation function by pulling positive samples close to each other while pushing negative samples far apart in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ruijie Jiang , Thuan Nguyen , Prakash Ishwar , Shuchin Aeron

Contrastive learning has achieved great success in self-supervised visual representation learning, but existing approaches mostly ignored spatial information which is often crucial for visual representation. This paper presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xinyue Huo , Lingxi Xie , Longhui Wei , Xiaopeng Zhang , Hao Li , Zijie Yang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li , Qi Tian

Feature extraction is an efficient approach for alleviating the issue of dimensionality in high-dimensional data. As a popular self-supervised learning method, contrastive learning has recently garnered considerable attention. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Hongjie Zhang

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) aligns node representations by classifying node pairs into positives and negatives using a selection process that typically relies on establishing correspondences within two augmented graphs. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Maysam Behmanesh , Maks Ovsjanikov

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently been applied to adversarial learning tasks. Such practice considers adversarial samples as additional positive views of an instance, and by maximizing their agreements with each other, yields better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Qiying Yu , Jieming Lou , Xianyuan Zhan , Qizhang Li , Wangmeng Zuo , Yang Liu , Jingjing Liu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in learning graph representations and thus facilitating various graph-related tasks. However, most GNN methods adopt a supervised learning setting, which is not always feasible in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Hongliang Chi , Yao Ma

Recently, self-supervised methods show remarkable achievements in image-level representation learning. Nevertheless, their image-level self-supervisions lead the learned representation to sub-optimal for dense prediction tasks, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Yunsung Lee , Teakgyu Hong , Han-Cheol Cho , Junbum Cha , Seungryong Kim

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) aims to contrast positive-negative counterparts to learn the node embeddings, whereas graph data augmentation methods are employed to generate these positive-negative samples. The variation, quantity, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Adnan Ali , Jinlong Li , Huanhuan Chen , Ali Kashif Bashir

Recently, dense contrastive learning has shown superior performance on dense prediction tasks compared to instance-level contrastive learning. Despite its supremacy, the properties of dense contrastive representations have not yet been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jong Hak Moon , Wonjae Kim , Edward Choi

Many datasets are biased, namely they contain easy-to-learn features that are highly correlated with the target class only in the dataset but not in the true underlying distribution of the data. For this reason, learning unbiased models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Carlo Alberto Barbano , Benoit Dufumier , Enzo Tartaglione , Marco Grangetto , Pietro Gori

Learning scientific document representations can be substantially improved through contrastive learning objectives, where the challenge lies in creating positive and negative training samples that encode the desired similarity semantics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Malte Ostendorff , Nils Rethmeier , Isabelle Augenstein , Bela Gipp , Georg Rehm

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) is an effective paradigm for node representation learning in graphs. The key components hidden behind GCL are data augmentation and positive-negative pair selection. Typical data augmentations in GCL, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Jiaqiang Zhang , Songcan Chen

Contrastive learning, especially self-supervised contrastive learning (SSCL), has achieved great success in extracting powerful features from unlabeled data. In this work, we contribute to the theoretical understanding of SSCL and uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Tianyang Hu , Zhili Liu , Fengwei Zhou , Wenjia Wang , Weiran Huang

Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) has emerged as a promising approach in the realm of graph self-supervised learning. Prevailing GCL methods mainly derive from the principles of contrastive learning in the field of computer vision: modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiyuan Ning , Pengfei Wang , Pengyang Wang , Ziyue Qiao , Wei Fan , Denghui Zhang , Yi Du , Yuanchun Zhou

Contrastive learning (CL) continuously achieves significant breakthroughs across multiple domains. However, the most common InfoNCE-based methods suffer from some dilemmas, such as \textit{uniformity-tolerance dilemma} (UTD) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Zizheng Huang , Haoxing Chen , Ziqi Wen , Chao Zhang , Huaxiong Li , Bo Wang , Chunlin Chen

Image classification is hindered by subtle inter-class differences and substantial intra-class variations, which limit the effectiveness of existing contrastive learning methods. Supervised contrastive approaches based on the InfoNCE loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bin Wang , Fadi Dornaika

Visual recognition is recently learned via either supervised learning on human-annotated image-label data or language-image contrastive learning with webly-crawled image-text pairs. While supervised learning may result in a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Jianwei Yang , Chunyuan Li , Pengchuan Zhang , Bin Xiao , Ce Liu , Lu Yuan , Jianfeng Gao

Supervised contrastive learning (SCL) frameworks treat each class as independent and thus consider all classes to be equally important. This neglects the common scenario in which label hierarchy exists, where fine-grained classes under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ruixue Lian , William A. Sethares , Junjie Hu

Self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) has achieved remarkable empirical success, often producing representations that rival supervised pre-training on downstream tasks. Recent theory explains this by showing that the CL loss closely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Achleshwar Luthra , Priyadarsi Mishra , Tomer Galanti

Learning good representations involves capturing the diverse ways in which data samples relate. Contrastive loss - an objective matching related samples - underlies methods from self-supervised to multimodal learning. Contrastive losses,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Vlad Sobal , Mark Ibrahim , Randall Balestriero , Vivien Cabannes , Diane Bouchacourt , Pietro Astolfi , Kyunghyun Cho , Yann LeCun