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Biomedical segmentation networks easily suffer from the unexpected misclassification between foreground and background objects when learning on limited and imperfect medical datasets. Inspired by the strong power of Out-of-Distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yiquan Gao , Duohui Xu

Accurate trajectory prediction is essential for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles in real-world environments. Even well-trained machine learning models may produce unreliable predictions due to discrepancies between training data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Tongfe Guo , Taposh Banerjee , Rui Liu , Lili Su

Virtual Screening (VS) of vast compound libraries guided by Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is a highly productive approach to early drug discovery. Data splitting is crucial for better benchmarking of such AI models. Traditional random…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-02 Qianrong Guo , Saiveth Hernandez-Hernandez , Pedro J Ballester

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for safely deploying automated medical image analysis systems, as abnormal patterns in images could hamper their performance. However, OOD detection in medical imaging remains an open…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Evi M. C. Huijben , Sina Amirrajab , Josien P. W. Pluim

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has recently received much attention from the machine learning community due to its importance in deploying machine learning models in real-world applications. In this paper we propose an uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Xiongjie Chen , Yunpeng Li , Yongxin Yang

We tackle the challenge of learning to charge Electric Vehicles (EVs) with Out-of-Distribution (OOD) data. Traditional scheduling algorithms typically fail to balance near-optimal average performance with worst-case guarantees, particularly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-08 Tongxin Li , Chenxi Sun

Out-of-Domain (OOD) detection is a key component in a task-oriented dialog system, which aims to identify whether a query falls outside the predefined supported intent set. Previous softmax-based detection algorithms are proved to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Yanan Wu , Zhiyuan Zeng , Keqing He , Yutao Mou , Pei Wang , Weiran Xu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task in machine learning that seeks to identify abnormal samples. Traditionally, unsupervised methods utilize a deep generative model for OOD detection. However, such approaches require a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Alvin Heng , Alexandre H. Thiery , Harold Soh

Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly deployed for virtual screening in drug discovery, where the goal is to identify novel, chemically diverse scaffolds while minimizing experimental costs. This creates a fundamental challenge: the…

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples for trusted medical image segmentation remains a significant challenge. The critical issue here is the lack of a strict definition of abnormal data, which often results in artificial problem…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Anton Vasiliuk , Daria Frolova , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a task that detects OOD samples during inference to ensure the safety of deployed models. However, conventional benchmarks have reached performance saturation, making it difficult to compare recent OOD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shiho Noda , Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

The growing reliance on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical domains such as healthcare demands robust mechanisms to ensure the trustworthiness of these systems, especially when faced with unexpected or anomalous inputs. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Max Gutbrod , David Rauber , Danilo Weber Nunes , Christoph Palm

Deep Learning models perform unreliably when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods help to identify such data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-26 Anton Vasiliuk , Daria Frolova , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for building reliable AI systems, as models that produce outputs for invalid inputs cannot be trusted. Although deep learning (DL) is often assumed to outperform traditional machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jihyeon Baek , Seunghoon Lee , Gitaek Kwon , Doohyun Park

Avoiding out-of-distribution (OOD) data is critical for training supervised machine learning models in the medical imaging domain. Furthermore, obtaining labeled medical data is difficult and expensive since it requires expert annotators…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Suraj Kothawade , Akshit Srivastava , Venkat Iyer , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Rishabh Iyer

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a pivotal task for real-world applications that trains models to identify samples that are distributionally different from the in-distribution (ID) data during testing. Recent advances in AI,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) data poses serious challenges in deployed machine learning models, so methods of predicting a model's performance on OOD data without labels are important for machine learning safety. While a number of methods have…

Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection has received broad attention over the years, aiming to ensure the reliability and safety of deep neural networks (DNNs) in real-world scenarios by rejecting incorrect predictions. However, we notice a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yao Zhu , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Rong Zhang , Hui Xue , Xiang Tian , Rongxin Jiang , Bolun Zheng , Yaowu Chen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection empowers the model trained on the closed image set to identify unknown data in the open world. Though many prior techniques have yielded considerable improvements in this research direction, two crucial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Sen Pei

Machine Learning (ML) models are trained on in-distribution (ID) data but often encounter out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs during deployment -- posing serious risks in safety-critical domains. Recent works have focused on designing scoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Daisuke Yamada , Harit Vishwakarma , Ramya Korlakai Vinayak