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Medical image segmentation models built on Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieve strong performance on clean benchmarks, yet their reliability often degrades under realistic image corruptions such as noise, blur, motion artifacts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jieru Li , Matthew Chen , Micky C. Nnamdi , J. Ben Tamo , Benoit L. Marteau , May D. Wang

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning, where accurate boundary delineation is essential for precise lesion localization, organ identification, and quantitative assessment. In recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Peiting Tian , Xi Chen , Haixia Bi , Fan Li

Accurate medical image segmentation is fundamental to precision medicine, yet robust delineation remains challenging under heterogeneous appearances, ambiguous boundaries, and large anatomical variability. Similar intensity and texture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zhiquan Chen , Haitao Wang , Guowei Zou , Hejun Wu

Medical image segmentation is challenging due to overlapping anatomies with ambiguous boundaries and a severe imbalance between the foreground and background classes, which particularly affects the delineation of small lesions. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hao Shao , Qibin Hou

Transformers achieve strong accuracy but incur high compute and memory cost. Structured pruning reduces inference cost, but most methods rely on retraining or multi-stage optimization, which limits post-training deployment. We propose CORP,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Boxiang Zhang , Baijian Yang

MedSAM, a medical foundation model derived from the SAM architecture, has demonstrated notable success across diverse medical domains. However, its clinical application faces two major challenges: the dependency on labor-intensive manual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Peng Huang , Shu Hu , Bo Peng , Xun Gong , Penghang Yin , Hongtu Zhu , Xi Wu , Xin Wang

Medical image segmentation is constrained by sparse pathological annotations. Existing augmentation strategies, from conventional transforms to random masking for self-supervision, are feature-agnostic: they often corrupt critical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 Feifei Zhang , Zhenhong Jia , Sensen Song , Fei Shi , Aoxue Chen , Dayong Ren

The MedSAM model, built upon the SAM framework, enhances medical image segmentation through generalizable training but still exhibits notable limitations. First, constraints in the perturbation window settings during training can cause…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Boyi Li , Ye Yuan , Wenjun Tan

Medical image segmentation of anatomical structures and pathology is crucial in modern clinical diagnosis, disease study, and treatment planning. To date, great progress has been made in deep learning-based segmentation techniques, but most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Taha Koleilat , Hojat Asgariandehkordi , Hassan Rivaz , Yiming Xiao

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation models often suffer from domain shift, where the models trained on a source domain do not generalize well to other unseen domains. As a prompt-driven foundation model with powerful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Yifan Gao , Wei Xia , Dingdu Hu , Wenkui Wang , Xin Gao

Medical image segmentation is undergoing a paradigm shift from conventional visual pattern matching to cognitive reasoning analysis. Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promise in integrating linguistic and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuxin Xie , Yuming Chen , Yishan Yang , Yi Zhou , Tao Zhou , Zhen Zhao , Jiacheng Liu , Huazhu Fu

Automated segmentation is a fundamental medical image analysis task, which enjoys significant advances due to the advent of deep learning. While foundation models have been useful in natural language processing and some vision tasks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Hanxue Gu , Haoyu Dong , Jichen Yang , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Accurate organ segmentation is essential for clinical tasks such as radiotherapy planning and disease monitoring. Recent foundation models like MedSAM achieve strong results using point or bounding-box prompts but still require manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Wenjie Zhang , Liming Luo , Mengnan He , Jiarui Hai , Jiancheng Ye

Medical image segmentation is crucial for disease diagnosis and treatment planning, yet developing robust segmentation models often requires substantial computational resources and large datasets. Existing research shows that pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Paul Zaha , Lars Böcking , Simeon Allmendinger , Leopold Müller , Niklas Kühl

The universality of deep neural networks across different modalities and their generalization capabilities to unseen domains play an essential role in medical image segmentation. The recent segment anything model (SAM) has demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-02 Qing Xu , Jiaxuan Li , Xiangjian He , Chenxin Li , Fiseha B. Tesem , Wenting Duan , Zhen Chen , Rong Qu , Jonathan M. Garibaldi , Chang Wen Chen

Segmentation of medical images constitutes an essential component of medical image analysis, providing the foundation for precise diagnosis and efficient therapeutic interventions in clinical practices. Despite substantial progress, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Muzammal Shafique , Nasir Rahim , Jamil Ahmad , Mohammad Siadat , Khalid Malik , Ghaus Malik

The convolutional-based methods provide good segmentation performance in the medical image segmentation task. However, those methods have the following challenges when dealing with the edges of the medical images: (1) Previous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-24 Jinkai Lv , Yuyong Hu , Quanshui Fu , Zhiwang Zhang , Yuqiang Hu , Lin Lv , Guoqing Yang , Jinpeng Li , Yi Zhao

Accurate segmentation of cardiac structures in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images is essential for reliable diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, manual segmentation remains time-consuming and suffers from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ujjwal Jain

We introduce MedCondDiff, a diffusion-based framework for multi-organ medical image segmentation that is efficient and anatomically grounded. The model conditions the denoising process on semantic priors extracted by a Pyramid Vision…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Ruirui Huang , Jiacheng Li

Accurate segmentation of brain tissues such as gray matter and white matter from magnetic resonance imaging is essential for studying brain anatomy, diagnosing neurological disorders, and monitoring disease progression. Traditional methods,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Chang Sun , Rui Shi , Tsukasa Koike , Tetsuro Sekine , Akio Morita , Tetsuya Sakai
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