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Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task in medical image analysis and autonomous driving and has a problem with the high cost of annotating the labels required in training. To address this problem, semantic segmentation methods based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Nagito Saito , Shintaro Ito , Koichi Ito , Takafumi Aoki

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), a fundamental computer vision task, which aims to segment out the object within only class-level labels. The traditional methods adopt the CNN-based network and utilize the class activation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jingliang Deng , Zonghan Li

When one wants to train a neural network to perform semantic segmentation, creating pixel-level annotations for each of the images in the database is a tedious task. If he works with aerial or satellite images, which are usually very large,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Adrien Nivaggioli , Hicham Randrianarivo

Existing weakly or semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods utilize image or box-level supervision to generate pseudo-labels for weakly labeled images. However, due to the lack of strong supervision, the generated pseudo-labels are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Md Amirul Islam , Matthew Kowal , Sen Jia , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Neil D. B. Bruce

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) in histopathology relies heavily on classification backbones, yet these models often localize only the most discriminative regions and struggle to capture the full spatial extent of tissue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Khang Le , Ha Thach , Anh M. Vu , Trang T. K. Vo , Han H. Huynh , David Yang , Minh H. N. Le , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Akash Awasthi , Chandra Mohan , Zhu Han , Hien Van Nguyen

Few shot segmentation (FSS) aims to learn pixel-level classification of a target object in a query image using only a few annotated support samples. This is challenging as it requires modeling appearance variations of target objects and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Soopil Kim , Philip Chikontwe , Sang Hyun Park

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation has witnessed great achievements with image-level labels. Several recent approaches use the CLIP model to generate pseudo labels for training an individual segmentation model, while there is no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Bingfeng Zhang , Siyue Yu , Yunchao Wei , Yao Zhao , Jimin Xiao

The high cost of creating pixel-by-pixel gold-standard labels, limited expert availability, and presence of diverse tasks make it challenging to generate segmentation labels to train deep learning models for medical imaging tasks. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Tanvi Deshpande , Eva Prakash , Elsie Gyang Ross , Curtis Langlotz , Andrew Ng , Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu

Recent years have seen a rapid growth in new approaches improving the accuracy of semantic segmentation in a weakly supervised setting, i.e. with only image-level labels available for training. However, this has come at the cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Nikita Araslanov , Stefan Roth

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods leverage unlabeled data by pseudo-labeling them. Thus the success of these methods hinges on the reliablility of the pseudo-labels. Existing methods mostly choose high-confidence pixels in an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Prantik Howlader , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Nuclei segmentation is a fundamental task in histopathology image analysis. Typically, such segmentation tasks require significant effort to manually generate accurate pixel-wise annotations for fully supervised training. To alleviate such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Hui Qu , Pengxiang Wu , Qiaoying Huang , Jingru Yi , Zhennan Yan , Kang Li , Gregory M. Riedlinger , Subhajyoti De , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) addresses the challenge of training segmentation models using only image-level annotations. Existing WSSS methods struggle with precise object boundary localization and focus only on the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ali Torabi , Sanjog Gaihre , MD Mahbubur Rahman , Yaqoob Majeed

Methods that move towards less supervised scenarios are key for image segmentation, as dense labels demand significant human intervention. Generally, the annotation burden is mitigated by labeling datasets with weaker forms of supervision,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Miriam Bellver , Amaia Salvador , Jordi Torres , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

Foundation models such as the recently introduced Segment Anything Model (SAM) have achieved remarkable results in image segmentation tasks. However, these models typically require user interaction through handcrafted prompts such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Mélanie Gaillochet , Christian Desrosiers , Hervé Lombaert

Learning semantic segmentation models requires a huge amount of pixel-wise labeling. However, labeled data may only be available abundantly in a domain different from the desired target domain, which only has minimal or no annotations. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Sujoy Paul , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Samuel Schulter , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Manmohan Chandraker

The task of parsing subcutaneous vessels in clinical images is often hindered by the high cost and limited availability of ground truth data, as well as the challenge of low contrast and noisy vessel appearances across different patients…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ayaan Nooruddin Siddiqui , Mahnoor Zaidi , Ayesha Nazneen Shahbaz , Priyadarshini Chatterjee , Krishnan Menon Iyer

Pixel-level annotations are expensive and time consuming to obtain. Hence, weak supervision using only image tags could have a significant impact in semantic segmentation. Recently, CNN-based methods have proposed to fine-tune pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-05 Fatemehsadat Saleh , Mohammad Sadegh Ali Akbarian , Mathieu Salzmann , Lars Petersson , Stephen Gould , Jose M. Alvarez

Class activation maps (CAMs) are commonly employed in weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) to produce pseudo-labels. Due to incomplete or excessive class activation, existing studies often resort to offline CAM refinement,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Xinyu Yang , Hossein Rahmani , Sue Black , Bryan M. Williams

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Yichi Zhang , Bohao Lv , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Yu Fu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

Weakly-supervised segmentation (WSS) has emerged as a solution to mitigate the conflict between annotation cost and model performance by adopting sparse annotation formats (e.g., point, scribble, block, etc.). Typical approaches attempt to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Y. Liu , L. Lin , K. K. Y. Wong , X. Tang