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Research has shown that while large language models (LLMs) can generate their responses based on cultural context, they are not perfect and tend to generalize across cultures. However, when evaluating the cultural bias of a language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Vitthal Bhandari

The "LLM-as-a-Judge" paradigm, using Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated evaluators, is pivotal to LLM development, offering scalable feedback for complex tasks. However, the reliability of these judges is compromised by various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Qingquan Li , Shaoyu Dou , Kailai Shao , Chao Chen , Haixiang Hu

This paper investigates the impact of verbose LLM translations on evaluation. We first demonstrate the prevalence of this behavior across several LLM outputs drawn from the WMT 2024 general shared task on machine translation. We then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Eleftheria Briakou , Zhongtao Liu , Colin Cherry , Markus Freitag

The high-quality translation results produced by machine translation (MT) systems still pose a huge challenge for automatic evaluation. Current MT evaluation pays the same attention to each sentence component, while the questions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Runzhe Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Assessment and evaluation have long been critical challenges in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP). Traditional methods, usually matching-based or small model-based, often fall short in open-ended and dynamic…

The rapid development of AI-driven tools, particularly large language models (LLMs), is reshaping professional writing. Still, key aspects of their adoption such as languages support, ethics, and long-term impact on writers voice and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Anastasiia Ivanova , Natalia Fedorova , Sergei Tilga , Ekaterina Artemova

Large Language Models are cognitively biased judges. Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been shown to be effective as automatic evaluators with simple prompting and in-context learning. In this work, we assemble 15 LLMs of four…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ryan Koo , Minhwa Lee , Vipul Raheja , Jong Inn Park , Zae Myung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Artificial intelligence has, so far, largely automated routine tasks, but what does it mean for the future of work if Large Language Models (LLMs) show creativity comparable to humans? To measure the creativity of LLMs holistically, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Luning Sun , Yuzhuo Yuan , Yuan Yao , Yanyan Li , Hao Zhang , Xing Xie , Xiting Wang , Fang Luo , David Stillwell

Automatic evaluation metrics are crucial for advancing sign language translation (SLT). Current SLT evaluation metrics, such as BLEU and ROUGE, are only text-based, and it remains unclear to what extent text-based metrics can reliably…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Shakib Yazdani , Yasser Hamidullah , Cristina España-Bonet , Eleftherios Avramidis , Josef van Genabith

Extractive reading comprehension question answering (QA) datasets are typically evaluated using Exact Match (EM) and F1-score, but these metrics often fail to fully capture model performance. With the success of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Xanh Ho , Jiahao Huang , Florian Boudin , Akiko Aizawa

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been deployed to tackle various software engineering (SE) tasks like code generation, significantly advancing the automation of SE tasks. However, assessing the quality of these LLM-generated code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ruiqi Wang , Jiyu Guo , Cuiyun Gao , Guodong Fan , Chun Yong Chong , Xin Xia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in academic writing practices. Although numerous studies have explored how researchers employ these tools for scientific writing, their concrete implementation, limitations, and design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Brenda Nogueira , Werner Geyer , Andrew Anderson , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dongwhi Kim , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh V. Chawla

New Large Language Models (LLMs) become available every few weeks, and modern application developers confronted with the unenviable task of having to decide if they should switch to a new model. While human evaluation remains the gold…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Suryaansh Jain , Umair Z. Ahmed , Shubham Sahai , Ben Leong

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened the door to culture-aware language tasks. We introduce the novel problem of adapting wine reviews across Chinese and English, which goes beyond literal translation by incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Chenye Zou , Xingyue Wen , Tianyi Hu , Qian Janice Wang , Daniel Hershcovich

This paper explores the assumption that Large Language Models (LLMs) skilled in generation tasks are equally adept as evaluators. We assess the performance of three LLMs and one open-source LM in Question-Answering (QA) and evaluation tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Juhyun Oh , Eunsu Kim , Inha Cha , Alice Oh

With the surge of large language models (LLMs) and their ability to produce customized output, style-personalized text generation--"write like me"--has become a rapidly growing area of interest. However, style personalization is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Anubhav Jangra , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh , Silviu Cucerzan , Adrian de Wynter , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Large language models (LLMs) are often described as multilingual because they can understand and respond in many languages. However, speaking a language is not the same as reasoning within a culture. This distinction motivates a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuan Chang , Jiaming Qu , Zhu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proved effective and efficient in generating code, leading to their utilization within the hardware design process. Prior works evaluating LLMs' abilities for register transfer level code generation solely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Matthew DeLorenzo , Vasudev Gohil , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Systematic reviews are crucial for synthesizing scientific evidence but remain labor-intensive, especially when extracting detailed methodological information. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for automating methodological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenqing Zhang , Trang Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart , Yiqun T. Chen

Peer review remains the central quality-control mechanism of science, yet its ability to fulfill this role is increasingly strained. Empirical studies document serious shortcomings: long publication delays, escalating reviewer burden…