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Selecting the appropriate model at inference time -- the routing problem -- requires jointly optimizing output quality, cost, latency, and governance constraints. Existing approaches delegate this decision to LLM-based classifiers or…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Warren Johnson , Charles Lee

Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) is a technique to be used during debugging, the premise of which is that, based on the test case outcomes and code coverage, faulty code elements can be automatically detected. SBFL is popular among…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Attila Szatmári , Qusay Idrees Sarhan , Gergő Balogh , Péter Attila Soha , Árpád Beszédes

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has become a core paradigm for post-training large language models, yet its training process remains highly fragile. Existing efforts mainly improve reliability at the system level or address specific issues…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Yunpeng Zhai , Liancheng Fang , Kening Zheng , Hongyi Liu , Xiaosong Huang , Philip S. Yu , Ying Li

Context: AI coding agents route every task to a single frontier large language model (LLM), paying premium inference cost even when many tasks are routine. Objectives: We propose Triage, a framework that uses code health metrics --…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Lech Madeyski

As the scale and complexity of cloud-based AI systems continue to increase, the detection and adaptive recovery of system faults have become the core challenges to ensure service reliability and continuity. In this paper, we propose an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ze Yang , Yihong Jin , Juntian Liu , Xinhe Xu

OpenClaw's ClawHub marketplace hosts tens of thousands of community-contributed agent skills (49,592 in our 2026-04-04 snapshot), and recent audits report that 13-26% contain security vulnerabilities. Regex scanners miss obfuscated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yinghan Hou , Zongyou Yang , Zaihu Pang , Xiujun Ma

Experts in machine learning leverage domain knowledge to navigate decisions in model selection, hyperparameter optimization, and resource allocation. This is particularly critical for fine-tuning language models (LMs), where repeated trials…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ernesto L. Estevanell-Valladares , Suilan Estevez-Velarde , Yoan Gutiérrez , Andrés Montoyo , Ruslan Mitkov

Program slicing is a critical technique in software engineering, enabling developers to isolate relevant portions of code for tasks such as bug detection, code comprehension, and debugging. In this study, we investigate the application of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Kimya Khakzad Shahandashti , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajer , Alvine Boaye Belle , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Non-uniform structured network pruning methods can effectively reduce Large Language Model (LLM) size by eliminating redundant channels or layers, offering lower performance degradation than uniform strategies. However, existing non-uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zuxin Ma , Yunhe Cui , Yongbin Qin

The existing deep learning (DL)-based automated program repair (APR) models are limited in fixing general software defects. % We present {\tool}, a DL-based approach that supports fixing for the general bugs that require dependent changes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Yi Li , Shaohua Wang , Tien N. Nguyen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities when trained within executable runtime environments, notably excelling at software engineering tasks through verified feedback loops. Yet, scalable and generalizable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Terry Yue Zhuo , Dingmin Wang , Hantian Ding , Varun Kumar , Zijian Wang

Federated learning (FL) research increasingly relies on single-node simulations with hundreds or thousands of virtual clients, making both efficiency and reproducibility essential. Yet parallel client training often introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Kitsuya Azuma , Takayuki Nishio

Agentic workflows interleave configurable LLM stages with tool stages and often include retries or refinement loops. Existing workflow managers profile full workflow configurations offline and assign each request a static workflow-level…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Nikos Pagonas , Matthew Lou , Tianyi Peng , Dan Rubenstein , Kostis Kaffes

Test-time compute scaling has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) by allocating additional computational resources during inference. However, current methods employ uniform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yang Xiao , Chunpu Xu , Ruifeng Yuan , Jiashuo Wang , Wenjie Li , Pengfei Liu

Large language model (LLM)-based debugging systems can generate failure explanations, but these explanations may be incomplete or incorrect. Misleading explanations are harmful for downstream tasks (e.g., bug triage, bug fixing). We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Julius Porbeck , Christian Medeiros Adriano , Holger Giese

Although LLM-based conversational agents demonstrate strong fluency and coherence, they still produce undesirable behaviors (errors) that are challenging to prevent from reaching users during deployment. Recent research leverages large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dominic Petrak , Thy Thy Tran , Iryna Gurevych

Existing evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) on static benchmarks is vulnerable to data contamination and leaderboard overfitting, critical issues that obscure true model capabilities. To address this, we introduce LLMEval-Fair, a…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

In a buggy configurable system, configuration-dependent bugs cause the failures in only certain configurations due to unexpected interactions among features. Manually localizing configuration-dependent faults in configurable systems could…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Son Nguyen

Software vulnerabilities remain a critical security challenge, providing entry points for attackers into enterprise networks. Despite advances in security practices, the lack of high-quality datasets capturing diverse exploit behavior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Alireza Lotfi , Charalampos Katsis , Elisa Bertino